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2022 Economic Census / NAICS 44-45

Retail trade

The four largest firms in Retail trade accounted for 16.5% of the industry's 2022 sales, value of shipments, or revenue, and its concentration (HHI 109) ranks 4 of 17 sectors in the Economic Census. What is HHI?

National employer-firm concentration for this sector, measured from sales, value of shipments, or revenue. Census categories are statistical groupings, not necessarily antitrust markets.

SectorRetail tradeUpper quartile

Revenue-based HHI

108.6

44-45
03,500
Same-level median 2382th percentile

National rank

#4

of 17 published

Sector rank

N/A

of 31 published

Largest 4 firms

16.5%

Share of industry revenue

Revenue

$7T

Sales, shipments, or revenue

Employer firms

644.1K

644,146

Employment

17.1M

17,077,240

Four source-bounded systems

Sector evidence passport

Open sector atlas

The passport juxtaposes four source-bounded sector signals for navigation. Each cell retains its own period, denominator, source, and rank universe; the cells are not combined into a sector score, merger rate, legal market, causal estimate, or assessment of competitive harm.

Industry profileRetail tradeSector · HHI 108.6 · CR4 16.5%

  • GeographyUnited StatesNational firm totals
  • UniverseEmployer firmsFirms with payroll
  • MeasurementRevenue concentrationSales, shipments, or revenue
  • Permitted useScreening onlyNot a legal market definition

Longitudinal sector pulse

How typical detailed industries changed inside Retail trade

Compare six strict-match medians, their publication coverage, and each sector's position among 17 economy-wide rows.

NAICS 44-45

Median HHI-point change across strict six-digit matches

+11.4 pts#4 highest change of 17 sectors

Economy median

+1.6 ptsAcross sector medians
2017 paired median
14
2022 paired median
25.4
Published pairs
1 of 5
Direction mix
1 up / 0 down

Interpretation

The typical published detailed-industry HHI moved +11.4 pts. This distribution statistic is separate from the official broad-sector HHI row.

Classification boundary: 5 changed and 47 new detailed rows remain outside strict deltas.

Open economy sector atlas Detailed change JSONDetailed change CSV
Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.

Census formation and sector context

Monthly formation signals beside annual sector structure

60 monthly observations for the exact NAICS 44-45 broad-sector contract.
Direct broad-sector join
Business Applications
141,241
Jul 2026 monthly count
Application annual change
+47.3%
Same month one year earlier
U.S. application share
24.4%
Share of national applications
High-propensity mix
14.3%
20,164 applications
Projected formations
3,716
Modeled four-quarter source projection
Establishment entry rate
7.9%
2023 annual BDS rate

Monthly source trajectory

Applications and high-propensity applications

Aug 2021 to Jul 2026
Business ApplicationsHigh-Propensity Business Applications
Sixty-month business application trajectory for Retail tradeBusiness Applications and the high-propensity subset share one count axis. The chapter describes the selected broad sector.200K150K100K50K0Aug 2021Nov 2022Feb 2024May 2025Jul 2026
1,257,548 applications / latest 12 months235,625 high-propensity / latest 12 months

Source clocks

Four releases, three measurement systems

Business Formation Statistics
2026-07
monthly applications and projected formations
Business Dynamics Statistics
2023
annual employer-establishment flows
Economic Census structure
2022
median across detailed-industry HHI rows
Strict concentration history
2017-2022
same-code and same-label detailed pairs
Source custody
Exact broad-sector boundary

NAICS 44-45 is the exact broad-sector contract used by this chapter. This atlas joins only exact broad-sector NAICS contracts across three separate Census systems: monthly Business Formation Statistics, annual Business Dynamics Statistics, and Economic Census industry structure. The release clocks, populations, denominators, and measures remain distinct. Positions are descriptive context, not composite competition scores, causal estimates, legal antitrust markets, or evidence that applications, entry, concentration, and competitive effects are interchangeable.

BLS labor and payroll context

Trade + transport signals across linked sectors

4 Census sectors share these BLS source-group readings; none is allocated a separate value.
Shared BLS group
Job openings
4.4%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Hires
3.9%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Quits
2.5%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Layoffs + discharges
1.1%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
All employees
28.7M
28,708 thousand payroll jobs
Weekly hours
34.1
0.0 hrs from year earlier
Hourly earnings
$32.00
+3.2% from year earlier

JOLTS worker flows

Openings and quits on native rate scales

Jul 2021 to Jun 2026
Job openings rateQuits rate
Sixty-month JOLTS openings and quits ratesJob openings and quits rates for the mapped Trade, transportation, and utilities source group. The measures keep their published denominators and are not a labor-market power score.8.0%6.0%4.0%2.0%0.0%Jul 2021Oct 2022Jan 2024Apr 2025Jun 2026
+0.9 pp openings / year earlier+0.2 pp quits / year earlier

CES payroll context

Payroll jobs and nominal earnings, indexed

Aug 2021 = 100
Payroll jobsHourly earnings
Sixty-month CES payroll jobs and hourly earnings indexesPayroll jobs and nominal average hourly earnings for the mapped Trade, transportation, and utilities source group, each independently indexed to 100 in the first displayed month. Native levels remain in the readouts.12511811010395Aug 2021Nov 2022Feb 2024May 2025Jul 2026
-0.1% payroll jobs / year earlier+3.2% nominal earnings / year earlier

Declared classification bridge

One profile, two source-owned industry groups

Selected Census parent
NAICS 44-45
Retail trade
JOLTS group
400000
Trade, transportation, and utilities
CES supersector
40
Trade, transportation, and utilities
Mapped Census sectors
4
22, 42, 44-45, 48-49

Independent release clocks

Two monthly systems, no merged series

JOLTS worker flows
2026-06
60 displayed months · latest preliminary
CES payroll context
2026-07
60 displayed months · latest preliminary
Source custody
Shared-group boundary

The selected Retail trade sector (NAICS 44-45) is one of 4 Census-sector contexts attached to the broader Trade, transportation, and utilities JOLTS and Trade, transportation, and utilities CES groups. Their published values cannot be allocated to this sector alone. JOLTS industry rates describe national labor demand and worker-flow activity in broad BLS industry groups. They do not measure employer concentration, monopsony power, wages, bargaining power, job quality, local labor-market conditions, worker substitutability, a legal labor market, or the competitive cause of a change. The job openings rate uses employment plus openings as its denominator. Hires, quits, and layoffs and discharges use employment. Rates may be compared across published industry groups within the same measure, but different measures must not be added together or treated as a common flow balance. CES employment, hours, and earnings describe national payroll jobs and establishment averages in broad private-industry groups. They do not measure unique workers, vacancies, employer concentration, monopsony power, bargaining power, job quality, a local or occupational labor market, a legal antitrust market, or the competitive cause of a change. All-employee hourly earnings are current-dollar averages and are not adjusted for inflation. Changes can reflect shifts in industry and worker composition. Employment is reported in thousands of payroll jobs, so multiple jobholders may be counted more than once. Compare industries only within the same published measure; do not add or ratio the three measures into a common score. The two releases remain separate and are not combined into a labor-market, monopsony, competition, welfare, or causal score.

BEA industry output context

Retail in the U.S. value-added map

Exact broad-sector bridge from Census NAICS 44-45 to BEA line 35.
Exact sector context
GDP share
6.2%
2025 current-dollar composition
Real growth
-7.3%
2026-Q1 annualized BEA convention
Growth contribution
-0.47 pp
2026-Q1 contribution to real GDP growth
Real quantity index
123.2
2026-Q1 / 2017=100
Current value added
$1.99T
2026-Q1 seasonally adjusted annual rate

Annual composition trajectory

Share of current-dollar GDP

1997-2025
Retail annual share of current-dollar GDPBEA value-added share from 1997 through 2025. This is an accounting composition measure, not a market share.8.0%7.3%6.5%5.8%5.0%19972004201120182025
6.8%1997-0.6 pplong-run shift6.2%2025
Source custodyU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis / 2026-06-25GDP by Industry, value-added tablesOfficial BEA releaseAccess reviewed 2026-08-15
Exact broad-sector boundary

BEA line 35 and Census NAICS 44-45 share the declared broad-sector classification used by this profile. BEA value added measures an industry's contribution to GDP. It is not sales, gross output, profit, a markup, market share, concentration, a legal antitrust market, or evidence of competitive harm or causation. Current-dollar value-added shares reflect both prices and quantities. Real value added uses chained 2017 dollars and is suitable for growth comparisons, but chained-dollar industry components are not additive. Quarterly levels are seasonally adjusted at annual rates, and quarterly growth and contribution measures retain BEA's published annualized convention. The BEA table contains nested industries, cross-industry aggregates, and addenda. Only the 20 major-industry rows form the composition view; summing those rows with their children, parent aggregates, or addenda would double count activity.

BEA domestic production requirements

Production industries inside the broader Retail trade sector

Parent NAICS 44-45 supplies a classification directory only; no requirement coefficient is assigned to this narrower profile.
Sector directory only
BEA lines in scope
4
inside NAICS 44-45
Annual matrices
28
1997-2024
Raw matrix cells
7,952
retained without aggregation
Net requirement
Not constructed
not additive across buyer columns
Own requirement
Not constructed
no sector diagonal constructed

Published production directory

4 BEA industries map to this parent sector

441Motor vehicle and parts dealers445Food and beverage stores452General merchandise stores4A0Other retail
Source custodyU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis / 2025-09-25Input-Output Accounts, domestic requirements tablesOfficial BEA tablesAccess reviewed 2026-08-15
Directory boundary

This chapter is a directory of 4 BEA summary industries classified inside parent sector Retail trade (NAICS 44-45). No coefficient is averaged, summed across buyer columns, or allocated to Retail trade (NAICS 44-45). A domestic total-requirements coefficient reports the U.S. output required from the supplier-row industry, directly and indirectly, per dollar of output delivered to final use by the buyer-column industry. It is not observed spending, a contract, a firm supplier link, market share, concentration, a legal antitrust market, competitive harm, or causation. Rows are supplying industries and columns are buyer industries delivering output to final use. Reading down a buyer column traces upstream requirements; reading across a supplier row traces the industries whose final-use output requires that supplier. BEA requirements tables use fixed input structures, constant returns to scale, and no input substitution. Coefficients are average, ex-post industry relationships; domestic import adjustments are estimated and do not identify firm-specific sourcing. Diagonal values include an industry's own direct and indirect requirements. Published negative coefficients are retained as accounting adjustments and must not be ranked as positive supply requirements.

Longitudinal sector profile

Business formation and job flows since 1978

46 annual BDS records compare Retail trade with the national series while preserving the BDS universe.
Retail trade
7.924%
2023 sector rate
United States
10.608%
2023 national rate
Sector gap
-2.684 pp
Below U.S. rate
Joined-sector rank
#14
of 17 by magnitude

Establishment entry rate

Retail trade and the United States

Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Retail tradeUnited States
2023Retail trade7.924%United States10.608%Gap -2.684 pp
1978: United States 15.146%; Retail trade 13.788%1979: United States 13.970%; Retail trade 12.257%1980: United States 12.806%; Retail trade 11.266%1981: United States 12.797%; Retail trade 11.332%1982: United States 12.464%; Retail trade 11.644%1983: United States 13.389%; Retail trade 11.699%1984: United States 14.534%; Retail trade 11.931%1985: United States 13.810%; Retail trade 11.774%1986: United States 14.095%; Retail trade 12.821%1987: United States 14.325%; Retail trade 12.906%1988: United States 13.959%; Retail trade 12.580%1989: United States 13.368%; Retail trade 11.713%1990: United States 12.683%; Retail trade 11.003%1991: United States 12.358%; Retail trade 10.184%1992: United States 11.577%; Retail trade 10.231%1993: United States 11.509%; Retail trade 9.849%1994: United States 11.885%; Retail trade 10.059%1995: United States 12.058%; Retail trade 10.290%1996: United States 11.795%; Retail trade 10.261%1997: United States 12.200%; Retail trade 10.509%1998: United States 11.438%; Retail trade 9.445%1999: United States 11.115%; Retail trade 9.212%2000: United States 10.848%; Retail trade 9.257%2001: United States 10.990%; Retail trade 8.965%2002: United States 11.911%; Retail trade 10.633%2003: United States 11.425%; Retail trade 10.082%2004: United States 11.511%; Retail trade 9.699%2005: United States 11.615%; Retail trade 9.803%2006: United States 12.495%; Retail trade 10.233%2007: United States 11.761%; Retail trade 10.604%2008: United States 10.307%; Retail trade 8.445%2009: United States 9.281%; Retail trade 7.617%2010: United States 9.495%; Retail trade 7.553%2011: United States 9.886%; Retail trade 8.304%2012: United States 10.018%; Retail trade 8.293%2013: United States 9.807%; Retail trade 7.969%2014: United States 9.906%; Retail trade 7.890%2015: United States 10.025%; Retail trade 7.941%2016: United States 10.194%; Retail trade 8.069%2017: United States 9.675%; Retail trade 7.573%2018: United States 9.414%; Retail trade 7.093%2019: United States 9.613%; Retail trade 7.107%2020: United States 9.637%; Retail trade 7.369%2021: United States 10.845%; Retail trade 8.303%2022: United States 11.651%; Retail trade 9.480%2023: United States 10.608%; Retail trade 7.924%
1978
13.788%
-5.864 pp to latest
2018
7.093%
Higher than 2018
Series high / 1978
13.788%
Highest published rate
Series low / 2018
7.093%
Lowest published rate

Exact annual series

Sector and national values

2023 back to 1978
Establishment entry rate for Retail trade and the United States, with the sector-minus-national gap.
Year44-45United StatesGap
20237.924%10.608%-2.684 pp
20229.48%11.651%-2.171 pp
20218.303%10.845%-2.542 pp
20207.369%9.637%-2.268 pp
20197.107%9.613%-2.506 pp
20187.093%9.414%-2.321 pp
20177.573%9.675%-2.102 pp
20168.069%10.194%-2.125 pp
20157.941%10.025%-2.084 pp
20147.89%9.906%-2.016 pp
20137.969%9.807%-1.838 pp
20128.293%10.018%-1.725 pp
20118.304%9.886%-1.582 pp
20107.553%9.495%-1.942 pp
20097.617%9.281%-1.664 pp
20088.445%10.307%-1.862 pp
200710.604%11.761%-1.157 pp
200610.233%12.495%-2.262 pp
20059.803%11.615%-1.812 pp
20049.699%11.511%-1.812 pp
200310.082%11.425%-1.343 pp
200210.633%11.911%-1.278 pp
20018.965%10.99%-2.025 pp
20009.257%10.848%-1.591 pp
19999.212%11.115%-1.903 pp
19989.445%11.438%-1.993 pp
199710.509%12.2%-1.691 pp
199610.261%11.795%-1.534 pp
199510.29%12.058%-1.768 pp
199410.059%11.885%-1.826 pp
19939.849%11.509%-1.66 pp
199210.231%11.577%-1.346 pp
199110.184%12.358%-2.174 pp
199011.003%12.683%-1.68 pp
198911.713%13.368%-1.655 pp
198812.58%13.959%-1.379 pp
198712.906%14.325%-1.419 pp
198612.821%14.095%-1.274 pp
198511.774%13.81%-2.036 pp
198411.931%14.534%-2.603 pp
198311.699%13.389%-1.69 pp
198211.644%12.464%-0.82 pp
198111.332%12.797%-1.465 pp
198011.266%12.806%-1.54 pp
197912.257%13.97%-1.713 pp
197813.788%15.146%-1.358 pp

Sector structure lab

Map concentration inside Retail trade

Each bubble is one six-digit industry. Horizontal position is revenue-based HHI, vertical position is CR4, and bubble area follows the selected economic scale.

Detailed industries57Six-digit rows
Median HHI133.931 published
Median CR432.8%57 published
HHI 2,500+0Detailed rows
Published weight65.0%Revenue in chart

Bubble area = revenue

31 rows have both HHI and CR4 / 26 HHI values withheld

Top-five revenue share / 55.7%
NAICS 445110: Supermarkets and other grocery retailers (except convenience retailers); HHI 506.7; CR4 39.2%; Revenue $808.8B; 11.60% of sectorNAICS 456110: Pharmacies and drug retailers; HHI 1,710.8; CR4 71.0%; Revenue $543.9B; 7.80% of sectorNAICS 457110: Gasoline stations with convenience stores; HHI 196.1; CR4 23.4%; Revenue $533.8B; 7.65% of sectorNAICS 458110: Clothing and clothing accessories retailers; HHI 251.4; CR4 27.1%; Revenue $284.8B; 4.08% of sectorNAICS 444180: Other building material dealers; HHI 58.9; CR4 13.0%; Revenue $166.6B; 2.39% of sectorNAICS 441330: Automotive parts and accessories retailers; HHI 645.3; CR4 46.9%; Revenue $95.3B; 1.37% of sectorNAICS 449110: Furniture retailers; HHI 133.9; CR4 18.9%; Revenue $91.5B; 1.31% of sectorNAICS 459110: Sporting goods retailers; HHI 395.8; CR4 34.8%; Revenue $81.7B; 1.17% of sectorNAICS 445320: Beer, wine, and liquor retailers; HHI 80.6; CR4 14.7%; Revenue $73.8B; 1.06% of sectorNAICS 449129: All other home furnishings retailers; HHI 802.6; CR4 51.3%; Revenue $64.9B; 0.93% of sectorNAICS 459999: All other miscellaneous retailers; HHI 87.7; CR4 15.4%; Revenue $62.3B; 0.89% of sectorNAICS 455110: Department stores; HHI 2,386.8; CR4 84.9%; Revenue $60.7B; 0.87% of sectorNAICS 458210: Shoe retailers; HHI 565.5; CR4 37.6%; Revenue $57B; 0.82% of sectorNAICS 456120: Cosmetics, beauty supplies, and perfume retailers; HHI 774.8; CR4 49.8%; Revenue $50.3B; 0.72% of sectorNAICS 441227: Motorcycle, ATV, and all other motor vehicle dealers; HHI 10.6; CR4 4.6%; Revenue $43.5B; 0.62% of sectorNAICS 441340: Tire dealers; HHI 480.4; CR4 37.0%; Revenue $43.3B; 0.62% of sectorNAICS 457210: Fuel dealers; HHI 132.8; CR4 19.5%; Revenue $43.3B; 0.62% of sectorNAICS 445131: Convenience retailers; HHI 37.4; CR4 10.6%; Revenue $38.8B; 0.56% of sectorNAICS 459410: Office supplies and stationery retailers; HHI 2,004.5; CR4 78.2%; Revenue $32.7B; 0.47% of sectorNAICS 459991: Tobacco, electronic cigarette, and other smoking supplies retailers; HHI 14.6; CR4 6.1%; Revenue $31.3B; 0.45% of sectorNAICS 459510: Used merchandise retailers; HHI 39.4; CR4 9.8%; Revenue $24.8B; 0.36% of sectorNAICS 459420: Gift, novelty, and souvenir retailers; HHI 151.5; CR4 22.3%; Revenue $24.5B; 0.35% of sectorNAICS 456199: All other health and personal care retailers; HHI 96.6; CR4 15.8%; Revenue $23B; 0.33% of sectorNAICS 456191: Food (health) supplement retailers; HHI 167.4; CR4 21.5%; Revenue $21.6B; 0.31% of sectorNAICS 444230: Outdoor power equipment retailers; HHI 46.4; CR4 9.9%; Revenue $13.6B; 0.19% of sectorNAICS 445240: Meat retailers; HHI 75.4; CR4 15.2%; Revenue $11.7B; 0.17% of sectorNAICS 459920: Art dealers; HHI 186.5; CR4 23.4%; Revenue $11.1B; 0.16% of sectorNAICS 449122: Window treatment retailers; HHI 116; CR4 18.6%; Revenue $4.8B; 0.07% of sectorNAICS 445250: Fish and seafood retailers; HHI 23.8; CR4 7.0%; Revenue $3.8B; 0.05% of sectorNAICS 445291: Baked goods retailers; HHI 17.6; CR4 6.2%; Revenue $1.8B; 0.03% of sectorNAICS 441110: New car dealers; HHI 25.4; CR4 8.4%; Revenue $1.2T; 17.01% of sector
0-499500-9991,000-1,4991,500-2,4992,500+Withheld

Disclosure lane

Rows missing HHI or CR4 stay outside the numerical plane.

26 rows / 35.0% of revenue
455211Warehouse clubs and supercenters$810.4B / 11.62%455219All other general merchandise retailers$417.8B / 5.99%444110Home centers$258B / 3.70%457120Other gasoline stations$187.8B / 2.69%

Active detailed industry

New car dealersNAICS 441110
HHI25.4
CR48.4%
Revenue$1.2T#1 / 17.01% of sector
Open evidence profile

Largest by revenue

Hover or focus to inspect

Top 8
01New car dealers441110$1.2T17.0%02Warehouse clubs and supercenters455211$810.4B11.6%03Supermarkets and other grocery retailers (except convenience retailers)445110$808.8B11.6%04Pharmacies and drug retailers456110$543.9B7.8%05Gasoline stations with convenience stores457110$533.8B7.7%06All other general merchandise retailers455219$417.8B6.0%07Clothing and clothing accessories retailers458110$284.8B4.1%08Home centers444110$258B3.7%

Continue analysis

Compare top fourCurrent revenue leadersSector JSON57 detailed rowsSector CSVNotebook-ready packet

Bubble size describes economic weight inside this NAICS sector. HHI and CR4 remain national statistical screens, not product-market definitions or findings of market power.

Sector intelligence dossier

From industry structure to antitrust evidence

Join the Census screen for Retail trade to descendant curated markets, public enforcement records, research outputs, and the next evidence queue.

Observatory coverage

Research coverage gap

NAICS 44-45 / national sector screen

Detailed industries

57

31 HHI published

Curated markets

0

0 exact NAICS crosswalks

Policy actions

0

0 linked reports

Evidence sources

0

0 Census HHI at 2,500+

Explicit research gap

No descendant market dossier is curated yet

The sector remains fully available as a Census structure screen. Product boundaries, geographic scope, and market-specific public sources still need to be assembled before a legal-market bridge can be published.

Market-definition protocol

Start with published Census signals

455110Department stores2,386.8459410Office supplies and stationery retailers2,004.5456110Pharmacies and drug retailers1,710.8

Descendant NAICS codes provide a research crosswalk only. They do not make a curated product and geographic market equivalent to its Census industry, and market metrics are never aggregated into a sector score.

Review method

Firm concentration ladder

How much revenue the largest firms hold

Each rung widens the group of largest firms included in the Census concentration ratio.

CR4Four largest firms16.5%
CR8Eight largest firms23.7%
CR20Twenty largest firms33.7%
CR50Fifty largest firms42.7%

Same-level benchmark

Position in the hierarchy

MeasureThis rowMedian
HHI108.623
CR416.5%6.9%
Revenue$7T$1.3T
Firms644.1K265.5K

HHI distance from median

+85.6

NAICS hierarchy

Move up or down the classification tree

Level 2 of 6
44-45 Retail trade

Direct child categories

441Motor vehicle and parts dealers444Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers445Food and beverage retailers449Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers455General merchandise retailers456Health and personal care retailers457Gasoline stations and fuel dealers458Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers459Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book and miscellaneous retailers

Federal merger-review composition

Where NAICS 44-45 appears in HSR review releases

Each release aggregates its own published acquired-entity 3-digit rows. Volume, review stages, labels, denominators, and source custody remain separate from the Census concentration screen.

Open filtered HSR atlas

FY2023 sector aggregate

Retail trade

10 published 3-digit rows

Exact code + normalized label
92adjusted transactionsRank 6 of 19classified HSR sectors
Published share
5.3%
of adjusted release transactions
Agency clearances
20
10.8% of release / rank 3
Second Requests
3
8.1% of release / rank 5
Intra-industry flags
5
6.3% of release / rank 5

FY2024 sector aggregate

Retail trade

10 published 3-digit rows

Exact code + normalized label
86adjusted transactionsRank 6 of 19classified HSR sectors
Published share
4.4%
of adjusted release transactions
Agency clearances
8
4.3% of release / rank 8
Second Requests
2
3.4% of release / rank 9
Intra-industry flags
4
5.0% of release / rank 7

Adjacent-release shift

Stable HSR sector code and label

FY2023 to FY2024

Exact HSR sector code 44-45 is published in FY2023 and FY2024 with a stable source label. The deltas compare adjacent release aggregates without recoding their 3-digit rows.

Transactions
-6
Published share
-0.9 pp
Clearances
-12
Second Requests
-1
Intra-industry
-1
Published rows
0

Interpretation boundary

This bridge joins only the exact broad-sector NAICS code published by both sources. The 2022 Economic Census sector row measures economy-wide employer-firm structure, while each HSR sector aggregate sums the release's published acquired-entity 3-digit rows. The shared code does not define a legal antitrust market, measure a sector merger rate, establish competitive harm, or score agency performance.

Intra-industry field

An intra-industry transaction means the acquiring and acquired persons both reported revenue in the same 3-digit NAICS code. It does not establish a horizontal overlap, relevant antitrust market, or competitive effect.

Nearest structural neighbors

Comparable fingerprints across the economy

Smallest mean national-percentile gaps across HHI, CR4, CR8, revenue, employment, and employer firms, using the same published dimensions as this row.

Evidence access

Reuse this exact row

Filtered JSONNAICS 44-45Download CSVOne-row data packetCensus source archiveEC2200SIZECONCEN

Source citation

U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 Economic Census, EC2200SIZECONCEN: Selected Sectors - Concentration of Largest Firms for the United States, released April 2025.

Industry screen, not market conclusion

A NAICS industry is a statistical classification, not a legally defined antitrust market. Use these national revenue concentration measures to screen where deeper product and geographic market analysis may be warranted, not to infer market power or liability.

Market definition method
Retail trade industry concentration (NAICS 44-45) | Antitrust Radar