How this published industry row changed from 2017 to 2022 Inspect six Census measures, publication status, and this row's signed-change position among strict same-level peers.
Strict code + label match NAICS 481111
+114.6 pts #83 of 543 68.8% paired +1.8 pts #285 of 781 99% paired +1 pts #347 of 783 99.2% paired +$47.5B #55 of 789 100% paired +2,249 #355 of 789 100% paired +60 #260 of 789 100% paired Herfindahl-Hirschman Index / HHI points
+114.6 pts +8.5% from 2017
Same-level change rank
#83 of 543 84.9th percentile 2017 Economic Census 1,350.9
2022 Economic Census 1,465.5
Signed change context
Strict published pairs at hierarchy level 6
Peer 90th percentile / selected extent
Lower change Zero Higher change
+3.6 pts -0.8 pts
National rank #83 of 543
Sector rank #5 of 35
National coverage 543 of 789
Sector coverage 35 of 53
The NAICS code, hierarchy depth, sector, and label are identical in both Census tables.
Measure 2017 2022 Change National rank
HHI Herfindahl-Hirschman Index 1,350.9 1,465.5 +114.6 pts #83 of 543 1,350.9 to 1,465.5 #83 of 543 CR4 Four-firm concentration ratio 71.1% 72.9% +1.8 pts #285 of 781 71.1% to 72.9% #285 of 781 CR8 Eight-firm concentration ratio 83.8% 84.8% +1 pts #347 of 783 83.8% to 84.8% #347 of 783 Revenue Industry revenue $181.4B $228.9B +$47.5B #55 of 789 $181.4B to $228.9B #55 of 789 Employment Paid employees 459.3K 461.5K +2,249 #355 of 789 459.3K to 461.5K #355 of 789 Firms Employer firms 312 372 +60 #260 of 789 312 to 372 #260 of 789
The broader Trade + transport labor environment The parent NAICS 48-49 bridge supplies context only; no reading is assigned to this narrower industry. Parent-group context JOLTS JSON CES JSON
Job openings 4.4% Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Hires 3.9% Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Quits 2.5% Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Layoffs + discharges 1.1% Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
All employees 28.7M 28,708 thousand payroll jobs
Weekly hours 34.1 0.0 hrs from year earlier
Hourly earnings $32.00 +3.2% from year earlier
Openings and quits on native rate scales Jul 2021 to Jun 2026
Sixty-month JOLTS openings and quits rates Job openings and quits rates for the mapped Trade, transportation, and utilities source group. The measures keep their published denominators and are not a labor-market power score. 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Jul 2021 Oct 2022 Jan 2024 Apr 2025 Jun 2026 +0.9 pp openings / year earlier+0.2 pp quits / year earlier
Payroll jobs and nominal earnings, indexed Aug 2021 = 100
Sixty-month CES payroll jobs and hourly earnings indexes Payroll jobs and nominal average hourly earnings for the mapped Trade, transportation, and utilities source group, each independently indexed to 100 in the first displayed month. Native levels remain in the readouts. 125 118 110 103 95 Aug 2021 Nov 2022 Feb 2024 May 2025 Jul 2026 -0.1% payroll jobs / year earlier+3.2% nominal earnings / year earlier
Selected Census parent NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing
JOLTS group 400000 Trade, transportation, and utilities
CES supersector 40 Trade, transportation, and utilities
Mapped Census sectors 4 22, 42, 44-45, 48-49 Parent-group boundary Every JOLTS and CES reading in this chapter describes the broader Trade, transportation, and utilities and Trade, transportation, and utilities BLS groups mapped through parent sector NAICS 48-49, not Scheduled passenger air transportation (NAICS 481111) by itself. JOLTS industry rates describe national labor demand and worker-flow activity in broad BLS industry groups. They do not measure employer concentration, monopsony power, wages, bargaining power, job quality, local labor-market conditions, worker substitutability, a legal labor market, or the competitive cause of a change. The job openings rate uses employment plus openings as its denominator. Hires, quits, and layoffs and discharges use employment. Rates may be compared across published industry groups within the same measure, but different measures must not be added together or treated as a common flow balance. CES employment, hours, and earnings describe national payroll jobs and establishment averages in broad private-industry groups. They do not measure unique workers, vacancies, employer concentration, monopsony power, bargaining power, job quality, a local or occupational labor market, a legal antitrust market, or the competitive cause of a change. All-employee hourly earnings are current-dollar averages and are not adjusted for inflation. Changes can reflect shifts in industry and worker composition. Employment is reported in thousands of payroll jobs, so multiple jobholders may be counted more than once. Compare industries only within the same published measure; do not add or ratio the three measures into a common score. The two releases remain separate and are not combined into a labor-market, monopsony, competition, welfare, or causal score.
The broader Transportation output environment Parent NAICS 48-49 supplies context only; no BEA value is assigned to this narrower industry. Parent-sector context JSON CSV
GDP share 3.3% 2025 current-dollar composition
Real growth -1.2% 2026-Q1 annualized BEA convention
Growth contribution -0.04 pp 2026-Q1 contribution to real GDP growth
Real quantity index 117.6 2026-Q1 / 2017=100
Current value added $1.05T 2026-Q1 seasonally adjusted annual rate Transportation annual share of current-dollar GDP BEA value-added share from 1997 through 2025. This is an accounting composition measure, not a market share. 4.0% 3.5% 3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1997 2004 2011 2018 2025 3.0% 1997+0.3 pp long-run shift3.3% 2025
Selected profile NAICS 481111 Scheduled passenger air transportation
Canonical sector NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing
BEA line 40 Transportation and warehousing
Published clocks 29 years + 85 quarters annual composition / quarterly SAAR Parent-sector boundary Every BEA reading in this chapter describes parent sector Transportation and warehousing (NAICS 48-49), not Scheduled passenger air transportation (NAICS 481111) by itself. No value is allocated to the narrower industry. BEA value added measures an industry's contribution to GDP. It is not sales, gross output, profit, a markup, market share, concentration, a legal antitrust market, or evidence of competitive harm or causation. Current-dollar value-added shares reflect both prices and quantities. Real value added uses chained 2017 dollars and is suitable for growth comparisons, but chained-dollar industry components are not additive. Quarterly levels are seasonally adjusted at annual rates, and quarterly growth and contribution measures retain BEA's published annualized convention. The BEA table contains nested industries, cross-industry aggregates, and addenda. Only the 20 major-industry rows form the composition view; summing those rows with their children, parent aggregates, or addenda would double count activity.