Expose distribution and default pathways

Require public records on preinstallation, default placement, referral contracts, app-store access, interoperability, multihoming, and switching friction across gateway layers.

Source records5report custody

Linked markets5analytical context

Research themes2publication taxonomy

Evidence needs5future verification inputs

Recommendation evidence chain

The source boundary stays visible from analysis to proposed action.

01Published analysisAR-RB-2026-02Five Digital Gateways

02Evidence custody5 sources / 5 marketsLinked context, not independent endorsement

03Normative recommendationAR-PA-012Market rules & access

04Implementation evidenceNot assessedNo adoption or impact inference

Source report position

Five Digital Gateways

Digital gateway concentration should be investigated across separately bounded access systems, with public usage proxies connected to stronger distribution, revenue, switching, interoperability, and remedy-outcome evidence.

Intended audience: FTC, DOJ, FCC, state AGs, and technology policy staff
Policy priority: Near-term
Instrument: Market rules & access
Publication: AR-RB-2026-02 / version 1.0
Canonical citation: Antitrust Radar Research Team. (2026, July 20). Five Digital Gateways: U.S. platform concentration across five separately bounded usage systems. Competition Research Briefs, AR-RB-2026-02 (Version 1.0). Antitrust Radar. https://antitrustradar.org/reports/digital-gateways-brief

Evidence still needed

Inputs required to investigate the recommendation and its effects.

01Revenue and monetization measures
02Default-placement and distribution contracts
03Installed-base and unique-user measures
04Switching and multihoming evidence
05Remedy-outcome series