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Market observatory

Economic observatory / digital systems

Digital Platform Systems

Explore separate histories of search referrals, browser use, mobile operating systems, social referrals, and AI assistant use. Different denominators prevent a combined ecosystem market-share score.

Evidence systems
5
separate public proxies
HHI anchors
17
2023-2026
Share rows
146
41 histories
Attributed operators
20
3 cross-system
Measurement sources
5
full source custody
Public web-analytics screensExact same-month anchorsDefinition-aware HHIOfficial product attributionNo combined platform-power measure

Bounded platform evidence

Five systems, one research surface

5 systems / 17 HHI anchors / 146 exact share rows
Systems
5
HHI anchors
17
Share rows
146
Operators
20
Sources
5

Research surface

Complete digital-platform packet

HHI observation ledger

17 exact concentration anchors

Every value retains its original system, year, status, source, and computation note.
Exact HHI anchors by digital platform evidence system.
SystemYearHHIClassStatusSourceMethod
Search engines20237,950highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSearch engine market share in United States of America April 2023HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Search engines20247,575highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSearch engine market share in United States of America April 2024HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Search engines20257,589highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSearch engine market share in United States of America April 2025HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Search engines20267,359highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSearch engine market share in United States of America April 2026HHI is computed from listed StatCounter percentages and a small residual Other category equal to 100 minus listed shares.
Browsers20233,664highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsBrowser market share in United States of America April 2023HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Browsers20243,846highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsBrowser market share in United States of America April 2024HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Browsers20253,720highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsBrowser market share in United States of America April 2025HHI is computed from six named StatCounter shares and a residual Other category that closes coverage to 100 percent.
Browsers20263,612highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsBrowser market share in United States of America April 2026HHI is computed from listed StatCounter percentages and a residual Other category equal to 100 minus listed shares.
Mobile operating systems20235,157highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsMobile operating system market share in United States of America April 2023HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April mobile operating-system row; source labels and rounding are preserved.
Mobile operating systems20245,055highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsMobile operating system market share in United States of America April 2024HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April mobile operating-system row; source labels and rounding are preserved.
Mobile operating systems20255,094highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsMobile operating system market share in United States of America April 2025HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April mobile operating-system row; source labels and rounding are preserved.
Mobile operating systems20265,337highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsMobile operating system market share in United States of America April 2026HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April mobile operating-system row; source labels and rounding are preserved.
Social referrals20233,393highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSocial media referral share in United States of America April 2023HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April social-media row; the denominator is outbound referral traffic to sampled third-party websites.
Social referrals20242,838highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSocial media referral share in United States of America April 2024HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April social-media row; the denominator is outbound referral traffic to sampled third-party websites.
Social referrals20253,804highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSocial media referral share in United States of America April 2025HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April social-media row; the denominator is outbound referral traffic to sampled third-party websites.
Social referrals20264,995highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsSocial media referral share in United States of America April 2026HHI is computed from every category in the pinned StatCounter April social-media row; the denominator is outbound referral traffic to sampled third-party websites.
AI assistants20264,804highly concentratedestimated publicmediumStatCounter Global StatsAI chatbot market share in United States of America May 2026HHI is computed from listed StatCounter percentages, which sum to 100 across tracked assistants.

Participant share ledger

146 exact category-year rows

Source-labeled aggregate and residual categories remain explicit and are never treated as firms.
Exact source-labeled participant shares by system and year.
SystemYearRankParticipantShareCategorySource
Search engines20231Google Search88.88%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20241Google Search86.58%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20251Google Search86.71%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20261Google Search85.16%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20232Bing6.43%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20242Bing8.24%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20252Bing7.50%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20262Bing9.82%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20233Yahoo Search2.33%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20243Yahoo Search2.59%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20253Yahoo Search2.86%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20263Yahoo Search2.67%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20234DuckDuckGo1.98%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20244DuckDuckGo2.08%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20254DuckDuckGo2.34%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20264DuckDuckGo1.74%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20235Yandex0.15%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20245Yandex0.22%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20255Yandex0.32%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20265Yandex0.38%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20237Other search engines0.16%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20247Other search engines0.21%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20257Other search engines0.18%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20267Other search engines0.12%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20236Ecosia0.07%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20246Ecosia0.08%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20256Ecosia0.09%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Search engines20266Ecosia0.11%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20231Chrome48.62%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20241Chrome52.96%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20251Chrome52.32%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20261Chrome50.03%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20232Safari34.68%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20242Safari30.95%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20252Safari30.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20262Safari31.86%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20233Edge8.45%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20243Edge7.43%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20253Edge7.10%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20263Edge8.12%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20234Firefox3.39%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20244Firefox4.21%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20254Firefox4.18%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20264Firefox3.75%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20236Brave0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20246Brave0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20255Brave2.46%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20265Brave2.69%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20237Other browsers3.54%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20247Other browsers2.83%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20257Other browsers2.40%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20267Other browsers2.11%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20235Samsung Internet1.32%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20245Samsung Internet1.62%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20256Samsung Internet1.53%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Browsers20266Samsung Internet1.44%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20231iOS59.89%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20241iOS56.53%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20251iOS57.60%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20261iOS63.08%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20232Android39.63%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20242Android43.12%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20252Android42.15%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20262Android36.85%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20233Samsung0.28%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20243Samsung0.24%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20253Samsung0.20%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20263Samsung0.05%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20239KaiOS0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20248KaiOS0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20256KaiOS0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20264KaiOS0.02%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20237Linux0.02%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20246Linux0.02%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20255Linux0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20266Linux0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20236Other mobile operating systems0.03%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20244Other mobile operating systems0.04%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20254Other mobile operating systems0.02%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20269Other mobile operating systems0.00%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20235SymbianOS0.04%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20249SymbianOS0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20259SymbianOS0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20268SymbianOS0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20238Unknown mobile OS0.02%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20247Unknown mobile OS0.01%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20258Unknown mobile OS0.00%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20267Unknown mobile OS0.00%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20234Windows Phone0.07%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20245Windows Phone0.02%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20257Windows Phone0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Mobile operating systems20265Windows Phone0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20231Facebook51.95%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20241Facebook45.96%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20251Facebook57.45%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20261Facebook68.94%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20232Twitter / X19.47%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20244Twitter / X13.05%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20253Twitter / X14.14%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20262Twitter / X11.63%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20234Pinterest11.46%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20242Pinterest18.66%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20252Pinterest14.88%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20263Pinterest7.53%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20233Instagram13.38%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20243Instagram13.26%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20254Instagram8.62%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20264Instagram6.28%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20236Reddit0.96%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20245Reddit4.73%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20255Reddit2.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20265Reddit2.35%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20235YouTube1.86%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20246YouTube2.84%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20256YouTube1.71%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20266YouTube2.33%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20237LinkedIn0.49%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20247LinkedIn0.88%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20257LinkedIn0.55%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20267LinkedIn0.40%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20238Tumblr0.27%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20248Tumblr0.32%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20258Tumblr0.40%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20268Tumblr0.29%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20239Fark0.07%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20249Fark0.16%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20259Fark0.18%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals20269Fark0.16%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202311Hacker News0.04%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202410Hacker News0.07%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202510Hacker News0.07%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202610Hacker News0.09%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202310Other social referrals0.05%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202412Other social referrals0.03%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202512Other social referrals0.00%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202612Other social referrals0.00%Aggregate / residualStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202312VKontakte0.01%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202411VKontakte0.03%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202511VKontakte0.02%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
Social referrals202611VKontakte0.00%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20261ChatGPT67.13%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20262Google Gemini10.86%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20263Microsoft Copilot10.79%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20264Claude5.99%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20265Perplexity5.18%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats
AI assistants20266DeepSeek0.05%Named product or serviceStatCounter Global Stats

Measurement source custody

5 public measurement sources

Operator-attribution sources stay in the matrix and exported packet; they are not substituted for measurement sources.

No ecosystem score.These five screens do not define one digital-platform market. Each keeps its own product boundary, page-view or referral denominator, participant categories, month, and permitted use. HHI values are never added, averaged, ranked into an ecosystem score, or treated as evidence of conduct.