Geographic observatory

State competition atlas

Pick a state to see how concentrated its banking and individual health-insurance markets are, how that has changed, and how it compares with its neighbors. Each series has its own history and source; state lines are not market boundaries.

51102 paired readings 36Insurance high HHI 5Banking high HHI 5Dual pressure

Cross-system signal plane

Where state concentration readings diverge

Pearson r 0.247circle = HHI gapExplore state map

Selected state

Selected stateCalifornia (CA)West

Insurance HHI#41 / 51: 2,389
Bank-deposit HHI#15 / 51: 1,215

Dual pressureDEInsurance 5,925 / banking 4,967 Largest splitIAGap 5,746 HHI points; banking stays below guide

Banking-only0No state crosses the banking guide while insurance stays below it.

Selected stateCACalifornia

Insurance HHI: 2,389
Bank-deposit HHI: 1,215
Cross-system relationship: Both below 2,500 guide

Open CA profile

NortheastMidwestSouthWest

Cross-source state field

State Formation Context Atlas

Place the latest Census business-application field beside separately bounded FDIC branch-deposit and KFF individual-insurance screens across every state jurisdiction, with no composite score.

Open state context Exact joined data

Exact joins: 51; 50 states + D.C.
Systems: 3; separate meanings
BFS coverage: 100%; latest U.S. count
Formation edge: 2026-07; monthly release

Cross-system state atlas

Two markets, one geography, no composite score.

Compare individual-insurance concentration with a reproducible statewide FDIC branch-deposit screen, then inspect the exact state record behind either layer.

Systems: 2
States: 51
Rows: 102
Sources: 2

2025 HHI map

Statewide branch-deposit concentration

<1,0001,000-1,4991,500-2,4992,500+

Selected jurisdictionCaliforniaCABank-deposit HHI1,215#15 / 51 · UnconcentratedEvidence handoffWestInspector active

Ranked exceptions / six jurisdictions

Highest bank-deposit HHI

FDIC statewide branch-deposit screen / 2025.

Selected jurisdiction / West

California

CA / two bounded systems

FDIC / 2025

Bank-deposit HHI

1,215#15 / 51

Unconcentrated statewide deposit screen.

Leading holder: 24.2%
Deposits: $1.8T
Organizations: 170
Branches: 5,425

Largest reported holder: Bank Of America Corporation

KFF / 2024

Individual-insurance HHI

2,389#41 / 51

Leader 33% / 5 insurers above 5%.

Open state evidence profile

FDIC dossier KFF dossier

FDIC source KFF source

Longitudinal state banking atlas

Rewind the statewide banking field

Compare 51 independently recalculated branch-deposit screens across 11 annual FDIC vintages. Every map, rank, median, and trajectory resets inside the selected year.

Active vintage2025June 30 snapshot

Jurisdictions51Complete annual field

HHI median90351-state midpoint

High HHI5HHI at or above 2,500

U.S. aggregate401HHI

Annual movement ledger2024 → 2025

Largest rise
Largest decline
Median shift: -10 HHI51-state field
HHI class crossings: 35 leading-holder changes

2025 choroplethState deposit HHI

Selected stateCA / 1,215Rank #15 of 51

<1,0001,000-1,4991,500-2,4992,500-3,9994,000+

State rankingTop 12 plus selected state

Selected jurisdiction / 2025

California

State deposit HHI

1,215#15 / 51

+43 HHI since 2015 / +12 HHI since 2024

Selected-state trajectory2015-2025

2025CA1,21551-state median903

Selected state: 1,215
51-state median: 903
U.S. aggregate: 401
HHI class: Unconcentrated

Largest reported holderBank Of America Corporation24.2% of reported statewide branch deposits

Communications infrastructure

Fixed Broadband Concentration

Follow 36 FCC HHI observations from Dec 2020 through Dec 2024. National concentration rose while the median state, county, and census-tract summaries fell over the same endpoint comparison.

Open broadband atlas Broadband data Reproduce analysis

United States: 1,501; HHI / Dec 2024
Median state: 2,937; HHI / Dec 2024
Median county: 4,599; HHI / Dec 2024
Median census tract: 5,504; HHI / Dec 2024

Subnational banking layer

Local banking screens

3,104 county and county-equivalent rows preserve the 2025 FDIC branch-deposit denominator, holder-or-certificate grouping, fixed ranks, and exact FIPS profile handoffs.

Open local explorer Compare counties County data

Median HHI: 2,826; All local screens
High HHI: 1,792; At or above 2,500
One organization: 187; Reported balance
Branches: 73,568; Positive-deposit rows

Individual-insurance drilldown

Inspect the complete KFF state market

Switch among HHI, leading-insurer share, and insurer depth, then continue into the insurance-specific state directory.

Geographic concentration

U.S. individual health insurance: market power by state

State-level ACA individual-market signals for 2024. Switch layers to compare concentration, leading-insurer share, and meaningful insurer depth.

U.S. average · HHI

3,650

Market HHI

View

Market HHI

Average 3,650 · Measures overall insurer concentration in each state.

Low · WI 1,474High · DC 6,945

Route dossier

HHI comparator route

Highest and Lowest states define the current HHI comparator route.

HighestDC · 6,945District of Columbia · Highly concentrated

LowestWI · 1,474Wisconsin · Unconcentrated

U.S. HHI 3,650Select a state

Hover, focus, or jump · HHI

Highest: District of Columbia (6,945). Lowest: Wisconsin (1,474).

Measures overall insurer concentration in each state.

State comparators

Pressure lead packet

District of Columbia evidence packet

DC is above the U.S. benchmark on HHI; public JSON and CSV packets keep the state row reproducible.

HHI6,945above the U.S. benchmark.

HHI class6,945Highly concentrated HHI classification.

Rival depth2Meaningful rivals above 5% share.

Priority review: high concentration, dominant-share, or thin-rival signals justify source-backed scrutiny.

/api/public/geography?state=DC

State profile JSON CSV Console Source

KFF · 2024

HHI scale

< 1,500
1,500–2,499
2,500–3,999
4,000–5,499
5,500+
No data

Regional pressure

Census regions ranked by HHI; insurer depth is inverted to surface fewer-rival regions first.

Cluster lens

Northeast4,037 avg

Peak NH 5,804 · 5/9 states above U.S. avg · 7 high HHI

South3,822 avg

Peak DC 6,945 · 8/17 states above U.S. avg · 14 high HHI

West3,523 avg

Peak AK 6,102 · 5/13 states above U.S. avg · 7 high HHI

Midwest3,252 avg

Peak IA 5,965 · 4/12 states above U.S. avg · 8 high HHI

KFF · Individual Insurance Market Competition (HHI by state) · 2024 How HHI is read Browse state profiles

Jurisdictions

2024 public rows

High HHI

At or above 2,500

Majority leaders

Top insurer at 50%+

Thin rivalry

Three or fewer over 5%

State evidence directory

Compare every public state row

Rankings preserve the published measures: HHI, leading-insurer share, and the count of insurers above 5 percent.

Compare states51 of 51

RankJurisdictionHHI concentrationTop insurerRivals over 5%

#1District of ColumbiaDCSouth / Highly concentrated6,945#181%2

District of ColumbiaDCSouth / Highly concentrated

HHI6,945Top share81%Rivals2

#2AlaskaAKWest / Highly concentrated6,102#274%2

AlaskaAKWest / Highly concentrated

HHI6,102Top share74%Rivals2

#3IowaIAMidwest / Highly concentrated5,965#375%3

IowaIAMidwest / Highly concentrated

HHI5,965Top share75%Rivals3

#4DelawareDESouth / Highly concentrated5,925#475%3

DelawareDESouth / Highly concentrated

HHI5,925Top share75%Rivals3

#5New HampshireNHNortheast / Highly concentrated5,804#573%3

New HampshireNHNortheast / Highly concentrated

HHI5,804Top share73%Rivals3

#6WyomingWYWest / Highly concentrated5,695#669%2

WyomingWYWest / Highly concentrated

HHI5,695Top share69%Rivals2

#7VermontVTNortheast / Highly concentrated5,648#768%2

VermontVTNortheast / Highly concentrated

HHI5,648Top share68%Rivals2

#8Rhode IslandRINortheast / Highly concentrated5,433#865%2

Rhode IslandRINortheast / Highly concentrated

HHI5,433Top share65%Rivals2

#9HawaiiHIWest / Highly concentrated5,385#964%2

HawaiiHIWest / Highly concentrated

HHI5,385Top share64%Rivals2

#10UtahUTWest / Highly concentrated5,304#1070%3

UtahUTWest / Highly concentrated

#10

HHI5,304Top share70%Rivals3

This geography layer describes the ACA-regulated individual health insurance market using KFF's 2024 state-level measures. It does not measure a state's overall economy, employer-sponsored insurance, or a legal market definition. The FDIC banking layer above is a separate statewide deposit screen with its own source, period, ownership aggregation, and local-market caveat.