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2022 Economic Census / NAICS 811310

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance

The four largest firms in Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance accounted for 10.6% of the industry's 2022 sales, value of shipments, or revenue; the Census Bureau withheld its HHI. What is HHI?

National employer-firm concentration for this detailed industry, measured from sales, value of shipments, or revenue. Census categories are statistical groupings, not necessarily antitrust markets.

Detailed industryOther services (except public administration)Disclosure withheld

Revenue-based HHI

Withheld by Census

811310
03,500
Same-level median 284No published rank

National rank

N/A

of 679 published

Sector rank

N/A

of 30 published

Largest 4 firms

10.6%

Share of industry revenue

Revenue

$54.6B

Sales, shipments, or revenue

Employer firms

22K

22,020

Employment

228.7K

228,701

Five-year concentration trace

Same code, hierarchy, sector, and label in both Census tables.

Trace relative position
2017 HHIUnavailable
2022 HHIUnavailable
Published changeNot compared
Open history profile
Industry profileCommercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenanceDetailed industry · HHI withheld · CR4 10.6%

  • GeographyUnited StatesNational firm totals
  • UniverseEmployer firmsFirms with payroll
  • MeasurementRevenue concentrationSales, shipments, or revenue
  • Permitted useScreening onlyNot a legal market definition

Two-vintage industry profile

How this published industry row changed from 2017 to 2022

Inspect six Census measures, publication status, and this row's signed-change position among strict same-level peers.

Strict code + label matchNAICS 811310

Herfindahl-Hirschman Index / HHI points

Not comparedNot compared from 2017

Same-level change rank

Not rankedOutside published pair rank
2017 Economic CensusNot published
2022 Economic CensusNot published
National rank
Not ranked
Sector rank
Not ranked
National coverage
543 of 789
Sector coverage
22 of 38

Comparison evidence

The classification is a strict match, but HHI was not published in both vintages.

Open exact change plane Exact history JSONExact history CSV2022 industry record
2017 source 2022 source
Five-year deltas are published only for rows whose NAICS code and industry label are identical in the 2017 and 2022 Census tables. This strict match is a conservative screening rule, not an official NAICS concordance or evidence of causation. Revenue changes are nominal and are not adjusted for inflation.

Census formation and sector context

The broader Other services formation environment

60 monthly observations for parent sector NAICS 81; none are assigned to this narrower industry.
Parent-sector context
Business Applications
44,741
Jul 2026 monthly count
Application annual change
+13.6%
Same month one year earlier
U.S. application share
7.7%
Share of national applications
High-propensity mix
11.6%
5,192 applications
Projected formations
2,277
Modeled four-quarter source projection
Establishment entry rate
10.0%
2023 annual BDS rate

Monthly source trajectory

Applications and high-propensity applications

Aug 2021 to Jul 2026
Business ApplicationsHigh-Propensity Business Applications
Sixty-month business application trajectory for Other services (except public administration)Business Applications and the high-propensity subset share one count axis. The chapter describes the selected industry's broader parent sector.50K37.5K25K12.5K0Aug 2021Nov 2022Feb 2024May 2025Jul 2026
507,192 applications / latest 12 months64,259 high-propensity / latest 12 months

Source clocks

Four releases, three measurement systems

Business Formation Statistics
2026-07
monthly applications and projected formations
Business Dynamics Statistics
2023
annual employer-establishment flows
Economic Census structure
2022
median across detailed-industry HHI rows
Strict concentration history
2017-2022
same-code and same-label detailed pairs
Source custody
Broader-sector boundary

Every formation and business-dynamics reading in this chapter describes the broader Other services (except public administration) sector (NAICS 81), not Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance (NAICS 811310) by itself. This atlas joins only exact broad-sector NAICS contracts across three separate Census systems: monthly Business Formation Statistics, annual Business Dynamics Statistics, and Economic Census industry structure. The release clocks, populations, denominators, and measures remain distinct. Positions are descriptive context, not composite competition scores, causal estimates, legal antitrust markets, or evidence that applications, entry, concentration, and competitive effects are interchangeable.

BLS labor and payroll context

The broader Other services labor environment

The parent NAICS 81 bridge supplies context only; no reading is assigned to this narrower industry.
Parent-group context
Job openings
4.5%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Hires
3.8%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Quits
2.8%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
Layoffs + discharges
0.9%
Jun 2026 JOLTS rate
All employees
6M
6,038 thousand payroll jobs
Weekly hours
32.2
+0.2 hrs from year earlier
Hourly earnings
$34.05
+2.9% from year earlier

JOLTS worker flows

Openings and quits on native rate scales

Jul 2021 to Jun 2026
Job openings rateQuits rate
Sixty-month JOLTS openings and quits ratesJob openings and quits rates for the mapped Other services source group. The measures keep their published denominators and are not a labor-market power score.8.0%6.0%4.0%2.0%0.0%Jul 2021Oct 2022Jan 2024Apr 2025Jun 2026
+0.7 pp openings / year earlier+0.8 pp quits / year earlier

CES payroll context

Payroll jobs and nominal earnings, indexed

Aug 2021 = 100
Payroll jobsHourly earnings
Sixty-month CES payroll jobs and hourly earnings indexesPayroll jobs and nominal average hourly earnings for the mapped Other services source group, each independently indexed to 100 in the first displayed month. Native levels remain in the readouts.12511811010395Aug 2021Nov 2022Feb 2024May 2025Jul 2026
+0.8% payroll jobs / year earlier+2.9% nominal earnings / year earlier

Declared classification bridge

One profile, two source-owned industry groups

Selected Census parent
NAICS 81
Other services (except public administration)
JOLTS group
810000
Other services
CES supersector
80
Other services
Mapped Census sectors
1
81

Independent release clocks

Two monthly systems, no merged series

JOLTS worker flows
2026-06
60 displayed months · latest preliminary
CES payroll context
2026-07
60 displayed months · latest preliminary
Source custody
Parent-group boundary

Every JOLTS and CES reading in this chapter describes the broader Other services and Other services BLS groups mapped through parent sector NAICS 81, not Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance (NAICS 811310) by itself. JOLTS industry rates describe national labor demand and worker-flow activity in broad BLS industry groups. They do not measure employer concentration, monopsony power, wages, bargaining power, job quality, local labor-market conditions, worker substitutability, a legal labor market, or the competitive cause of a change. The job openings rate uses employment plus openings as its denominator. Hires, quits, and layoffs and discharges use employment. Rates may be compared across published industry groups within the same measure, but different measures must not be added together or treated as a common flow balance. CES employment, hours, and earnings describe national payroll jobs and establishment averages in broad private-industry groups. They do not measure unique workers, vacancies, employer concentration, monopsony power, bargaining power, job quality, a local or occupational labor market, a legal antitrust market, or the competitive cause of a change. All-employee hourly earnings are current-dollar averages and are not adjusted for inflation. Changes can reflect shifts in industry and worker composition. Employment is reported in thousands of payroll jobs, so multiple jobholders may be counted more than once. Compare industries only within the same published measure; do not add or ratio the three measures into a common score. The two releases remain separate and are not combined into a labor-market, monopsony, competition, welfare, or causal score.

BEA industry output context

The broader Other services output environment

Parent NAICS 81 supplies context only; no BEA value is assigned to this narrower industry.
Parent-sector context
GDP share
2.1%
2025 current-dollar composition
Real growth
+0.3%
2026-Q1 annualized BEA convention
Growth contribution
+0.01 pp
2026-Q1 contribution to real GDP growth
Real quantity index
93.3
2026-Q1 / 2017=100
Current value added
$672.02B
2026-Q1 seasonally adjusted annual rate

Annual composition trajectory

Share of current-dollar GDP

1997-2025
Other services annual share of current-dollar GDPBEA value-added share from 1997 through 2025. This is an accounting composition measure, not a market share.4.0%3.3%2.5%1.8%1.0%19972004201120182025
2.7%1997-0.6 pplong-run shift2.1%2025
Source custodyU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis / 2026-06-25GDP by Industry, value-added tablesOfficial BEA releaseAccess reviewed 2026-08-15
Parent-sector boundary

Every BEA reading in this chapter describes parent sector Other services (except public administration) (NAICS 81), not Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance (NAICS 811310) by itself. No value is allocated to the narrower industry. BEA value added measures an industry's contribution to GDP. It is not sales, gross output, profit, a markup, market share, concentration, a legal antitrust market, or evidence of competitive harm or causation. Current-dollar value-added shares reflect both prices and quantities. Real value added uses chained 2017 dollars and is suitable for growth comparisons, but chained-dollar industry components are not additive. Quarterly levels are seasonally adjusted at annual rates, and quarterly growth and contribution measures retain BEA's published annualized convention. The BEA table contains nested industries, cross-industry aggregates, and addenda. Only the 20 major-industry rows form the composition view; summing those rows with their children, parent aggregates, or addenda would double count activity.

BEA domestic production requirements

Production industries inside the broader Other services (except public administration) sector

Parent NAICS 81 supplies a classification directory only; no requirement coefficient is assigned to this narrower profile.
Sector directory only
BEA lines in scope
1
inside NAICS 81
Annual matrices
28
1997-2024
Raw matrix cells
1,988
retained without aggregation
Net requirement
Not constructed
not additive across buyer columns
Own requirement
Not constructed
no sector diagonal constructed

Published production directory

1 BEA industries map to this parent sector

81Other services, except government
Source custodyU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis / 2025-09-25Input-Output Accounts, domestic requirements tablesOfficial BEA tablesAccess reviewed 2026-08-15
Directory boundary

This chapter is a directory of 1 BEA summary industries classified inside parent sector Other services (except public administration) (NAICS 81). No coefficient is averaged, summed across buyer columns, or allocated to Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance (NAICS 811310). A domestic total-requirements coefficient reports the U.S. output required from the supplier-row industry, directly and indirectly, per dollar of output delivered to final use by the buyer-column industry. It is not observed spending, a contract, a firm supplier link, market share, concentration, a legal antitrust market, competitive harm, or causation. Rows are supplying industries and columns are buyer industries delivering output to final use. Reading down a buyer column traces upstream requirements; reading across a supplier row traces the industries whose final-use output requires that supplier. BEA requirements tables use fixed input structures, constant returns to scale, and no input substitution. Coefficients are average, ex-post industry relationships; domestic import adjustments are estimated and do not identify firm-specific sourcing. Diagonal values include an industry's own direct and indirect requirements. Published negative coefficients are retained as accounting adjustments and must not be ranked as positive supply requirements.

Firm concentration ladder

How much revenue the largest firms hold

Each rung widens the group of largest firms included in the Census concentration ratio.

CR4Four largest firms10.6%
CR8Eight largest firms14.2%
CR20Twenty largest firms21.8%
CR50Fifty largest firms30.7%

Same-level benchmark

Position in the hierarchy

MeasureThis rowMedian
HHID284
CR410.6%30.6%
Revenue$54.6B$14.5B
Firms22K1.2K

HHI distance from median

Not published

NAICS hierarchy

Move up or down the classification tree

Level 6 of 6
81 Other services (except public administration)811 Repair and maintenance8113 Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance81131 Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance811310 Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance

Direct child categories

This is the most detailed six-digit category.

Reciprocal fingerprint network

Position in the national industry graph

A link appears only when both industries rank one another among their three nearest complete Census fingerprints across all six published measures.

2022 · all-six lens · mutual top 3
Mutual degree
Out
incomplete lens
Component reach
n/a
not assigned
Link mix
Not admitted
same-sector / cross-sector
Graph coverage
679/899
673 reciprocal edges

Not admitted to the complete 2022 graph

The reciprocal all-six lens requires every named measure. Missing for this row: HHI.

679 of 899 detailed rows admitted

Fixed-cohort network change

2017 to 2022 reciprocal link turnover

Both graphs use the same 543 complete strict-match industries. The fixed-cohort 2022 degree can differ from the larger current snapshot above.

No fixed-cohort turnover state

The row is a strict match, but all six measures must be published in both vintages. The 2017 row is missing HHI.

Open selected network2022 reciprocal graphFiltered network JSONNAICS 811310Download network CSVOne-row graph packet

Turnover classes describe reciprocal graph states, not economic entry, exit, stability, or structural transformation. Connected and isolated refer only to the selected top-three fingerprint graph. Every class is derived from retained, added, and removed links under the fixed-cohort network-change contract.

Nearest structural neighbors

Comparable fingerprints across the economy

Smallest mean national-percentile gaps across HHI, CR4, CR8, revenue, employment, and employer firms, using the same published dimensions as this row.

238310Drywall and insulation contractorsCross-sector / NAICS 23 · 5 dimensions1.7 pts323111Commercial printing (except screen and books)Cross-sector / NAICS 31 · 5 dimensions2.7 pts445131Convenience retailersCross-sector / NAICS 44 · 5 dimensions3.0 pts811121Automotive body, paint, and interior repair and maintenanceOther services (except public administration) · 5 dimensions3.6 pts621340Offices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologistsCross-sector / NAICS 62 · 5 dimensions3.7 pts
Open the economy-wide spaceOpen the full structure neighborhoodOpen the cross-grain context

Evidence access

Reuse this exact row

Filtered JSONNAICS 811310Download CSVOne-row data packetCensus source archiveEC2200SIZECONCEN

Source citation

U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 Economic Census, EC2200SIZECONCEN: Selected Sectors - Concentration of Largest Firms for the United States, released April 2025.

Industry screen, not market conclusion

A NAICS industry is a statistical classification, not a legally defined antitrust market. Use these national revenue concentration measures to screen where deeper product and geographic market analysis may be warranted, not to infer market power or liability.

Market definition method
Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance industry concentration (NAICS 811310) | Antitrust Radar