Antitrust Radar

Joined Census sector evidence

Sector Structure Observatory

Compare broad sectors using industry concentration, business entry, employment, and merger-review data. Census and HSR measures keep their own years and populations; unlike measures are not combined into a score.

Source-bounded sector composition

17-sector map

Area
2023 BDS employment
Coverage
133.5M workers

Color1978-2023 employment share change

<= -8.95 pp> -8.95 pp to < -0.05 pp-0.05 pp to +0.05 pp> +0.05 pp to < +8.95 pp>= +8.95 pp

BDS year1978 → 2023area + color + readout

62Health care22M / 16.5%44-45Retail trade16.1M / 12.0%72Food & accommodation14.6M / 10.9%31-33Manufacturing12.3M / 9.2%56Administrative services11.9M / 8.9%54Professional services10.4M / 7.8%23Construction7.6M / 5.7%52Finance & insurance6.9M / 5.2%48-49Transportation6.5M / 4.8%42Wholesale trade6.2M / 4.7%81Other services5.7M / 4.3%61Education3.8M / 2.8%513.5M / 2.7%71532.4M / 1.8%2221

Selected / NAICS 81 / 4.3% of map areaOther services (except public administration)Color / -0.427 pp / Share loss

2022 structure
54.3
median detailed-industry HHI
30 / 40 published
2017-2022 strict change
+3.6
median HHI-point change
57.9% strict-pair coverage
2023 business flows
9.993%
establishment entry rate
BDS broad-sector rate
FY2024 merger review
18
acquired-entity transactions
0.9% / rank 16 of 19

HSR match uses the published code; source wording differs.

Tile area compares 2023 BDS employment across the 17-sector Census overlap. Employment is a workforce count, not revenue, output, or a legal market measure. Color shows 1978-2023 employment share change on a zero-centered symmetric percentage-point scale across the same 17-sector BDS overlap; color and area remain separate encodings. Employment-share change compares each sector's share of employment in the same 17-sector BDS overlap. It is not employment growth, a job count, a productivity measure, or evidence of competitive intensity. The BDS year control applies to BDS area, entry-rate color, and the selected business-flow readout when those elements are present; share-shift color additionally uses the explicit BDS baseline. Economic Census structure, strict change, and HSR composition retain their own fixed release clocks. The selected readings remain separate sources and denominators and are not combined into a score, legal market, causal estimate, merger rate, or assessment of competitive harm.
012017 Economic Censusstrict historical anchor
022022 Economic Censuscurrent concentration distribution
032023 Business Dynamicsestablishment and job flows
04FY2023-FY2024 HSRacquired-entity composition

Four families, never one score.

BDS sector transition

How did the represented economy redistribute?

1978-2023 employment share across the same 17-sector overlap, with every annual denominator recalculated from published BDS counts.
Window
1978-2023
Direction
8 gain / 9 loss
Represented total
67.6M to 133.5M
Total count change
+97.4%

All-sector composition shift

Share gains to share losses

GainNear zeroLoss
  1. 01Health careNAICS 6219788.646%202316.474%+7.828 pp
  2. 02Administrative servicesNAICS 5619782.906%20238.937%+6.031 pp
  3. 03Professional servicesNAICS 5419783.289%20237.762%+4.473 pp
  4. 04Food & accommodationNAICS 7219787.717%202310.908%+3.191 pp
  5. 05TransportationNAICS 48-4919783.586%20234.831%+1.245 pp
  6. 06EducationNAICS 6119781.892%20232.833%+0.941 pp
  7. 07Arts & recreationNAICS 7119780.971%20231.851%+0.880 pp
  8. 08Real estateNAICS 5319781.514%20231.800%+0.286 pp
  9. 09ConstructionNAICS 2319786.053%20235.703%-0.350 pp
  10. 10Other servicesNAICS 8119784.679%20234.252%-0.427 pp
  11. 11UtilitiesNAICS 2219780.972%20230.495%-0.477 pp
  12. 12InformationNAICS 5119783.194%20232.651%-0.543 pp
  13. 13MiningNAICS 2119781.052%20230.426%-0.626 pp
  14. 14FinanceNAICS 5219786.072%20235.176%-0.896 pp
  15. 15WholesaleNAICS 4219785.656%20234.660%-0.996 pp
  16. 16RetailNAICS 44-45197814.702%202312.034%-2.668 pp
  17. 17ManufacturingNAICS 31-33197827.098%20239.206%-17.892 pp
Rank orders percentage-point change in employment share, not absolute employment growth. The center line is zero; bar lengths share one symmetric scale.

Employment share equals each sector's employment divided by the same 17-sector BDS overlap in each stated year. The change plane places percentage-point share change and absolute-count percent change on separate axes; it does not combine them. The annual composition and selected trajectory recalculate the represented denominator for every published year. Neither axis is a market share, GDP or revenue contribution, productivity, competitive intensity, causal estimate, or evidence of antitrust harm. NAICS 11 and 55 remain outside this exact Census-concentration overlap.

Cross-domain sector workspace

Structure, change, business flows, and federal review by sector

17 of 17 sectors in the current slice
Sectors
17
17 plotted
Correlation
-0.533
moderate negative
Strict pairs
543
2017-2022
Employment
133.5M
2023 BDS

Descriptive evidence plane

Median HHI and Entry rate

Median published HHI across the sector's six-digit industries in the 2022 Economic Census. Entering establishments as a share of the 2023 BDS establishment denominator.

Selected sectorNAICS 81 / Other services (except public administration)

Median HHI
54.3
Entry rate
9.993%
2023 employment
5.7M
NAICS 62: Health care and social assistance; Median detailed-industry HHI 35.8; Establishment entry rate 10.783%; 2023 employment 22MNAICS 44-45: Retail trade; Median detailed-industry HHI 133.9; Establishment entry rate 7.924%; 2023 employment 16.1MNAICS 72: Accommodation and food services; Median detailed-industry HHI 15.0; Establishment entry rate 11.040%; 2023 employment 14.6MNAICS 31-33: Manufacturing; Median detailed-industry HHI 439.3; Establishment entry rate 6.870%; 2023 employment 12.3MNAICS 56: Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services; Median detailed-industry HHI 182.0; Establishment entry rate 12.905%; 2023 employment 11.9MNAICS 54: Professional, scientific, and technical services; Median detailed-industry HHI 94.9; Establishment entry rate 12.473%; 2023 employment 10.4MNAICS 23: Construction; Median detailed-industry HHI 19.4; Establishment entry rate 13.016%; 2023 employment 7.6MNAICS 52: Finance and insurance; Median detailed-industry HHI 405.8; Establishment entry rate 8.115%; 2023 employment 6.9MNAICS 48-49: Transportation and warehousing; Median detailed-industry HHI 277.4; Establishment entry rate 14.851%; 2023 employment 6.5MNAICS 42: Wholesale trade; Median detailed-industry HHI 360.8; Establishment entry rate 6.719%; 2023 employment 6.2MNAICS 61: Educational services; Median detailed-industry HHI 75.6; Establishment entry rate 11.167%; 2023 employment 3.8MNAICS 51: Information; Median detailed-industry HHI 638.2; Establishment entry rate 10.578%; 2023 employment 3.5MNAICS 71: Arts, entertainment, and recreation; Median detailed-industry HHI 192.2; Establishment entry rate 13.716%; 2023 employment 2.5MNAICS 53: Real estate and rental and leasing; Median detailed-industry HHI 116.9; Establishment entry rate 12.647%; 2023 employment 2.4MNAICS 22: Utilities; Median detailed-industry HHI 615.9; Establishment entry rate 5.266%; 2023 employment 661.6KNAICS 21: Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; Median detailed-industry HHI 559.2; Establishment entry rate 9.436%; 2023 employment 569KNAICS 81: Other services (except public administration); Median detailed-industry HHI 54.3; Establishment entry rate 9.993%; 2023 employment 5.7M

Source custody and method

Four bounded evidence families.

The sector code is the bridge. Concentration levels, strict historical changes, business flows, and HSR acquired-entity composition remain separate measures with separate denominators.

01 / Current structure

2022 Economic Census Concentration of Largest Firms

U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-17. Source custody remains attached to every public sector row.

02 / Historical anchor

2017 Economic Census Concentration of Largest Firms

U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-18. Source custody remains attached to every public sector row.

03 / Business flows

2023 Business Dynamics Statistics

U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-19. Source custody remains attached to every public sector row.

04 / Federal merger review

Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Reports, FY2023 and FY2024

Federal Trade Commission and U.S. Department of Justice. Acquired-entity sector counts, release shares, source wording, and review-stage aggregates retain each report's own published universe.

Each row joins 2022 six-digit Economic Census concentration-distribution summaries, strict 2017-2022 same-code and same-label industry history, and 2023 Business Dynamics Statistics sector flows. These vintages and universes differ, so associations are descriptive rather than same-period or causal. Sector medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or composite competition scores.

BDS sectors outside the joined concentration universe: 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting; 55 Management of companies and enterprises.

This bridge joins only the exact broad-sector NAICS code published by both sources. The 2022 Economic Census sector row measures economy-wide employer-firm structure, while each HSR sector aggregate sums the release's published acquired-entity 3-digit rows. The shared code does not define a legal antitrust market, measure a sector merger rate, establish competitive harm, or score agency performance.

Sector Structure Observatory | Antitrust Radar