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Census BDS / 2023 release

Business Dynamism Observatory

Track establishment entry, exit, expansion, and contraction in annual Census Business Dynamics Statistics. Sector comparisons use the same published years and retain their denominators.

Open workspaceCompare sectorsJSONCSV
Coverage
1978-2023
46 annual releases
Sector detail
19
two-digit NAICS sectors
Measures
6
5,520 indicator rows
Latest employment
137.5M
5,593,727 firms
Entry rate
10.608%
2023
Exit rate
9.396%
2023
Job creation
13.592%
2023
Job destruction
11.059%
2023
Net job creation
2.534%
2023
Excess reallocation
22.118%
2023

Analytical workspace

Establishment entry rate21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction compared with the United States

Long-run movement

Entry rate, 1978-2023

Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
United StatesMining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
2023Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction9.436%United States10.608%Gap -1.172 pp
1978: United States 15.146%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 16.153%1979: United States 13.970%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 16.735%1980: United States 12.806%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 16.524%1981: United States 12.797%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 21.609%1982: United States 12.464%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 21.536%1983: United States 13.389%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 13.338%1984: United States 14.534%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 13.982%1985: United States 13.810%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 13.413%1986: United States 14.095%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.266%1987: United States 14.325%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.573%1988: United States 13.959%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 12.778%1989: United States 13.368%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.264%1990: United States 12.683%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.651%1991: United States 12.358%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.619%1992: United States 11.577%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.406%1993: United States 11.509%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.785%1994: United States 11.885%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.565%1995: United States 12.058%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.619%1996: United States 11.795%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.492%1997: United States 12.200%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.873%1998: United States 11.438%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.835%1999: United States 11.115%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 8.582%2000: United States 10.848%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.990%2001: United States 10.990%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.794%2002: United States 11.911%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.787%2003: United States 11.425%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 8.737%2004: United States 11.511%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.850%2005: United States 11.615%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.274%2006: United States 12.495%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 13.076%2007: United States 11.761%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 14.339%2008: United States 10.307%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.258%2009: United States 9.281%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.507%2010: United States 9.495%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.380%2011: United States 9.886%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.194%2012: United States 10.018%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 11.613%2013: United States 9.807%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.199%2014: United States 9.906%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.658%2015: United States 10.025%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 10.439%2016: United States 10.194%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 7.526%2017: United States 9.675%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.947%2018: United States 9.414%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.332%2019: United States 9.613%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.449%2020: United States 9.637%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 8.153%2021: United States 10.845%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 7.011%2022: United States 11.651%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.652%2023: United States 10.608%; Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 9.436%
Entry minus exit+1.751 pp

In 2023, establishment entry was higher than exit for Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.

Creation minus destruction+11.246 pp

Gross job creation was higher than destruction, matching the published net rate within rounding.

Change since 1978-6.717 pp

Entry rate was 6.717 points lower in 2023 than at the start of the series.

Source custody and method

A flow system, not a concentration score.

Every rate remains attached to its BDS year, national or sector universe, Census denominator, and source release.

01 / Source

2023 Business Dynamics Statistics

U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-19. The observatory pins the economy-wide and sector CSV files to verified SHA-256 hashes.

02 / Measurement

March-to-March establishment flows

Job-flow rates use the Census Davis-Haltiwanger-Schuh average-employment denominator. Entry and exit use longitudinally consistent establishment counts, and excess reallocation removes the absolute net job change from gross flows.

03 / Handoffs

5,520 reusable observations

Use this slice as JSON or CSV, inspect the canonical indicator dossier, or continue into the guarded multidimensional data cube.