Antitrust Radar

Census BDS / 2023 release

Business Dynamism Observatory

Track establishment entry, exit, expansion, and contraction in annual Census Business Dynamics Statistics. Sector comparisons use the same published years and retain their denominators.

Open workspaceCompare sectorsJSONCSV
Coverage
1978-2023
46 annual releases
Sector detail
19
two-digit NAICS sectors
Measures
6
5,520 indicator rows
Latest employment
137.5M
5,593,727 firms
Entry rate
10.608%
2023
Exit rate
9.396%
2023
Job creation
13.592%
2023
Job destruction
11.059%
2023
Net job creation
2.534%
2023
Excess reallocation
22.118%
2023

Analytical workspace

Net job creation rate55 Management of companies and enterprises compared with the United States

Long-run movement

Net job creation, 1978-2023

The difference between gross job creation and destruction rates in the BDS universe.
United StatesManagement of companies and enterprises
2023Management of companies and enterprises3.110%United States2.534%Gap +0.576 pp
1978: United States 7.643%; Management of companies and enterprises 5.682%1979: United States 5.886%; Management of companies and enterprises 5.880%1980: United States 0.536%; Management of companies and enterprises 3.186%1981: United States 0.992%; Management of companies and enterprises 4.137%1982: United States -0.935%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.108%1983: United States -1.255%; Management of companies and enterprises -2.043%1984: United States 6.288%; Management of companies and enterprises 3.855%1985: United States 3.593%; Management of companies and enterprises 4.956%1986: United States 2.998%; Management of companies and enterprises 2.134%1987: United States 1.974%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.813%1988: United States 2.734%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.935%1989: United States 3.228%; Management of companies and enterprises 3.377%1990: United States 2.335%; Management of companies and enterprises 2.733%1991: United States -2.430%; Management of companies and enterprises -0.086%1992: United States 0.036%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.175%1993: United States 1.757%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.939%1994: United States 2.344%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.050%1995: United States 3.574%; Management of companies and enterprises 2.026%1996: United States 1.820%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.699%1997: United States 2.690%; Management of companies and enterprises -0.559%1998: United States 3.156%; Management of companies and enterprises 2.128%1999: United States 1.816%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.423%2000: United States 3.082%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.840%2001: United States 0.201%; Management of companies and enterprises -2.100%2002: United States -2.408%; Management of companies and enterprises -4.955%2003: United States 0.586%; Management of companies and enterprises -1.741%2004: United States 1.335%; Management of companies and enterprises -2.236%2005: United States 1.065%; Management of companies and enterprises -0.314%2006: United States 3.115%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.155%2007: United States 0.379%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.600%2008: United States -0.139%; Management of companies and enterprises -3.457%2009: United States -5.312%; Management of companies and enterprises -2.480%2010: United States -2.135%; Management of companies and enterprises -0.425%2011: United States 1.393%; Management of companies and enterprises 3.520%2012: United States 2.160%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.452%2013: United States 1.887%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.977%2014: United States 2.151%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.515%2015: United States 2.549%; Management of companies and enterprises 2.489%2016: United States 2.007%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.632%2017: United States 1.577%; Management of companies and enterprises 4.158%2018: United States 1.647%; Management of companies and enterprises 0.477%2019: United States 1.745%; Management of companies and enterprises -0.428%2020: United States 0.632%; Management of companies and enterprises 1.270%2021: United States -4.245%; Management of companies and enterprises -2.214%2022: United States 5.424%; Management of companies and enterprises 4.380%2023: United States 2.534%; Management of companies and enterprises 3.110%
Entry minus exit-3.656 pp

In 2023, establishment entry was lower than exit for Management of companies and enterprises.

Creation minus destruction+3.110 pp

Gross job creation was higher than destruction, matching the published net rate within rounding.

Change since 1978-2.572 pp

Net job creation was 2.572 points lower in 2023 than at the start of the series.

Source custody and method

A flow system, not a concentration score.

Every rate remains attached to its BDS year, national or sector universe, Census denominator, and source release.

01 / Source

2023 Business Dynamics Statistics

U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-19. The observatory pins the economy-wide and sector CSV files to verified SHA-256 hashes.

02 / Measurement

March-to-March establishment flows

Job-flow rates use the Census Davis-Haltiwanger-Schuh average-employment denominator. Entry and exit use longitudinally consistent establishment counts, and excess reallocation removes the absolute net job change from gross flows.

03 / Handoffs

5,520 reusable observations

Use this slice as JSON or CSV, inspect the canonical indicator dossier, or continue into the guarded multidimensional data cube.

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