2023 Business Dynamics Statistics
U.S. Census Bureau / accessed 2026-07-19. The observatory pins the economy-wide and sector CSV files to verified SHA-256 hashes.
Census BDS / 2023 release
Business Dynamism Observatory
Track establishment entry, exit, expansion, and contraction in annual Census Business Dynamics Statistics. Sector comparisons use the same published years and retain their denominators.
- Coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 annual releases
- Sector detail
- 19
- two-digit NAICS sectors
- Measures
- 6
- 5,520 indicator rows
- Latest employment
- 137.5M
- 5,593,727 firms
- Entry rate
- 10.608%
- 2023
- Exit rate
- 9.396%
- 2023
- Job creation
- 13.592%
- 2023
- Job destruction
- 11.059%
- 2023
- Net job creation
- 2.534%
- 2023
- Excess reallocation
- 22.118%
- 2023
Long-run movement
Net job creation, 1978-2023
United StatesReal estate and rental and leasing
2023Real estate and rental and leasing3.771%United States2.534%Gap +1.237 pp
Entry minus exit+1.346 pp
In 2023, establishment entry was higher than exit for Real estate and rental and leasing.
Creation minus destruction+3.771 pp
Gross job creation was higher than destruction, matching the published net rate within rounding.
Change since 1978-5.537 pp
Net job creation was 5.537 points lower in 2023 than at the start of the series.
Source custody and method
A flow system, not a concentration score.
Every rate remains attached to its BDS year, national or sector universe, Census denominator, and source release.
March-to-March establishment flows
Job-flow rates use the Census Davis-Haltiwanger-Schuh average-employment denominator. Entry and exit use longitudinally consistent establishment counts, and excess reallocation removes the absolute net job change from gross flows.
5,520 reusable observations
Use this slice as JSON or CSV, inspect the canonical indicator dossier, or continue into the guarded multidimensional data cube.