The selected-sector spread is 1.047 pp in 2023, from 11.04% to 9.993%.
Census BDS / comparative research desk
Sector Dynamics Comparison Studio
Compare sector entry, exit, and employment histories against national Business Dynamics Statistics. All comparisons retain the published year, rate, denominator, and population.
- Sector universe
- 19
- complete two-digit histories
- Annual coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 common years
- Published measures
- 6
- 5,520 exact observations
- Comparison limit
- 2-4
- sectors plus U.S. baseline
Common years1978-2023 for every sector
Comparable unitspublished BDS percentages
Source custodyU.S. Census Bureau
Ranks describe rate magnitude, not competitive quality.
Longitudinal comparison workspace
Cross-sector trajectories without a composite score
138 displayed sector and national values across 46 exact BDS years.Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Period
- Latest spread
- 1.047 pp
- 2023 high to low
- Spread change
- -3.536 pp
- narrower since 1978
- Highest published rate
- 72
- 11.04% / not a quality rank
- Closest to U.S.
- 72
- +0.432 pp
Published sector trajectories
Establishment entry rate
Selected year2023+1.047 pp sector spread
- U.S. rate
- 10.608%
- Published national rate
- 81 Other services except public administration
- 9.993%
- -0.615 pp vs U.S.
- 72 Accommodation and food services
- 11.04%
- +0.432 pp vs U.S.
46 annual observationsPublished rates + U.S. contextNo interpolation
Selected-sector ledger
2023 position and window history
- Latest
- 9.993%
- U.S. gap
- -0.615 pp
- Change
- -3.718 pp
- All-sector rank
- #12 / 19
- Window average
- 9.921%
- Above U.S.
- 1 / 46 years
- Latest
- 11.04%
- U.S. gap
- +0.432 pp
- Change
- -7.254 pp
- All-sector rank
- #8 / 19
- Window average
- 13.426%
- Above U.S.
- 45 / 46 years
Relative regime strip
Annual distance from the U.S. rate
Above U.S.Below U.S.
Selected year2023
81 -0.615 pp72 +0.432 pp
81Other services except public administration
72Accommodation and food services
197820002023
Exact annual comparison
Published rates and same-year U.S. gaps
| Year | United States | 81 | 72 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 10.608%baseline | 9.993%-0.615 pp | 11.04%+0.432 pp |
| 2022 | 11.651%baseline | 10.817%-0.834 pp | 12.214%+0.563 pp |
| 2021 | 10.845%baseline | 9.587%-1.258 pp | 10.301%-0.544 pp |
| 2020 | 9.637%baseline | 8.47%-1.167 pp | 9.923%+0.286 pp |
| 2019 | 9.613%baseline | 8.048%-1.565 pp | 10.281%+0.668 pp |
| 2018 | 9.414%baseline | 7.97%-1.444 pp | 10.161%+0.747 pp |
| 2017 | 9.675%baseline | 8.174%-1.501 pp | 10.935%+1.26 pp |
| 2016 | 10.194%baseline | 8.286%-1.908 pp | 11.207%+1.013 pp |
| 2015 | 10.025%baseline | 8.013%-2.012 pp | 10.605%+0.58 pp |
| 2014 | 9.906%baseline | 7.936%-1.97 pp | 10.568%+0.662 pp |
| 2013 | 9.807%baseline | 7.871%-1.936 pp | 11.187%+1.38 pp |
| 2012 | 10.018%baseline | 8.138%-1.88 pp | 10.977%+0.959 pp |
| 2011 | 9.886%baseline | 7.859%-2.027 pp | 10.646%+0.76 pp |
| 2010 | 9.495%baseline | 7.749%-1.746 pp | 10.944%+1.449 pp |
| 2009 | 9.281%baseline | 7.557%-1.724 pp | 11.375%+2.094 pp |
| 2008 | 10.307%baseline | 8.401%-1.906 pp | 12.578%+2.271 pp |
| 2007 | 11.761%baseline | 9.146%-2.615 pp | 13.954%+2.193 pp |
| 2006 | 12.495%baseline | 9.1%-3.395 pp | 13.765%+1.27 pp |
| 2005 | 11.615%baseline | 8.82%-2.795 pp | 13.463%+1.848 pp |
| 2004 | 11.511%baseline | 8.676%-2.835 pp | 12.927%+1.416 pp |
| 2003 | 11.425%baseline | 9.107%-2.318 pp | 13.091%+1.666 pp |
| 2002 | 11.911%baseline | 9.501%-2.41 pp | 13.856%+1.945 pp |
| 2001 | 10.99%baseline | 8.243%-2.747 pp | 11.694%+0.704 pp |
| 2000 | 10.848%baseline | 8.325%-2.523 pp | 11.067%+0.219 pp |
| 1999 | 11.115%baseline | 8.57%-2.545 pp | 11.653%+0.538 pp |
| 1998 | 11.438%baseline | 9.274%-2.164 pp | 12.014%+0.576 pp |
| 1997 | 12.2%baseline | 9.46%-2.74 pp | 14.457%+2.257 pp |
| 1996 | 11.795%baseline | 9.599%-2.196 pp | 13.958%+2.163 pp |
| 1995 | 12.058%baseline | 9.702%-2.356 pp | 14.261%+2.203 pp |
| 1994 | 11.885%baseline | 9.561%-2.324 pp | 13.699%+1.814 pp |
| 1993 | 11.509%baseline | 9.471%-2.038 pp | 13.511%+2.002 pp |
| 1992 | 11.577%baseline | 10.004%-1.573 pp | 14.407%+2.83 pp |
| 1991 | 12.358%baseline | 10.443%-1.915 pp | 14.515%+2.157 pp |
| 1990 | 12.683%baseline | 11.212%-1.471 pp | 15.399%+2.716 pp |
| 1989 | 13.368%baseline | 11.734%-1.634 pp | 16.143%+2.775 pp |
| 1988 | 13.959%baseline | 12.07%-1.889 pp | 17.068%+3.109 pp |
| 1987 | 14.325%baseline | 12.421%-1.904 pp | 18.407%+4.082 pp |
| 1986 | 14.095%baseline | 12.529%-1.566 pp | 17.732%+3.637 pp |
| 1985 | 13.81%baseline | 12.816%-0.994 pp | 16.436%+2.626 pp |
| 1984 | 14.534%baseline | 18.519%+3.985 pp | 16.46%+1.926 pp |
| 1983 | 13.389%baseline | 12.665%-0.724 pp | 17.076%+3.687 pp |
| 1982 | 12.464%baseline | 11.394%-1.07 pp | 15.11%+2.646 pp |
| 1981 | 12.797%baseline | 11.202%-1.595 pp | 15.6%+2.803 pp |
| 1980 | 12.806%baseline | 11.488%-1.318 pp | 15.734%+2.928 pp |
| 1979 | 13.97%baseline | 12.738%-1.232 pp | 16.921%+2.951 pp |
| 1978 | 15.146%baseline | 13.711%-1.435 pp | 18.294%+3.148 pp |
Research reading
What changed, without assigning cause
The high-to-low spread moved from 4.583 pp in 1978 to 1.047 pp in 2023.
Accommodation and food services is closest to the national rate in the final selected year. This is descriptive proximity, not a competitive assessment.
Cross-sector Business Dynamics Statistics comparisons are descriptive rate differences within published Census sector universes. A higher rate or rank is not a quality score, and the comparison does not establish concentration, market power, a legal antitrust market, or the cause of entry, exit, job creation, job destruction, or reallocation.
Interpretation boundary
A comparison of flows, not a verdict on competition.
Business Dynamics Statistics describe establishment and job-flow activity in broad Census sectors. Cross-sector differences can frame research questions, but product-market definition, concentration, conduct, entry conditions, and causal identification require separate evidence.