The selected-sector spread is 2.549 pp in 2023, from 13.716% to 11.167%.
Census BDS / comparative research desk
Sector Dynamics Comparison Studio
Compare sector entry, exit, and employment histories against national Business Dynamics Statistics. All comparisons retain the published year, rate, denominator, and population.
- Sector universe
- 19
- complete two-digit histories
- Annual coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 common years
- Published measures
- 6
- 5,520 exact observations
- Comparison limit
- 2-4
- sectors plus U.S. baseline
Common years1978-2023 for every sector
Comparable unitspublished BDS percentages
Source custodyU.S. Census Bureau
Ranks describe rate magnitude, not competitive quality.
Longitudinal comparison workspace
Cross-sector trajectories without a composite score
138 displayed sector and national values across 46 exact BDS years.Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Period
- Latest spread
- 2.549 pp
- 2023 high to low
- Spread change
- -1.155 pp
- narrower since 1978
- Highest published rate
- 71
- 13.716% / not a quality rank
- Closest to U.S.
- 61
- +0.559 pp
Published sector trajectories
Establishment entry rate
Selected year2023+2.549 pp sector spread
- U.S. rate
- 10.608%
- Published national rate
- 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation
- 13.716%
- +3.108 pp vs U.S.
- 61 Educational services
- 11.167%
- +0.559 pp vs U.S.
46 annual observationsPublished rates + U.S. contextNo interpolation
Selected-sector ledger
2023 position and window history
- Latest
- 13.716%
- U.S. gap
- +3.108 pp
- Change
- -3.961 pp
- All-sector rank
- #2 / 19
- Window average
- 14.485%
- Above U.S.
- 46 / 46 years
- Latest
- 11.167%
- U.S. gap
- +0.559 pp
- Change
- -2.806 pp
- All-sector rank
- #7 / 19
- Window average
- 11.69%
- Above U.S.
- 32 / 46 years
Relative regime strip
Annual distance from the U.S. rate
Above U.S.Below U.S.
Selected year2023
71 +3.108 pp61 +0.559 pp
71Arts, entertainment, and recreation
61Educational services
197820002023
Exact annual comparison
Published rates and same-year U.S. gaps
| Year | United States | 71 | 61 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 10.608%baseline | 13.716%+3.108 pp | 11.167%+0.559 pp |
| 2022 | 11.651%baseline | 17.155%+5.504 pp | 12.527%+0.876 pp |
| 2021 | 10.845%baseline | 13.517%+2.672 pp | 10.999%+0.154 pp |
| 2020 | 9.637%baseline | 13.554%+3.917 pp | 10.697%+1.06 pp |
| 2019 | 9.613%baseline | 13.168%+3.555 pp | 10.28%+0.667 pp |
| 2018 | 9.414%baseline | 12.758%+3.344 pp | 9.913%+0.499 pp |
| 2017 | 9.675%baseline | 13.369%+3.694 pp | 10.325%+0.65 pp |
| 2016 | 10.194%baseline | 13.283%+3.089 pp | 10.467%+0.273 pp |
| 2015 | 10.025%baseline | 12.603%+2.578 pp | 10.838%+0.813 pp |
| 2014 | 9.906%baseline | 12.216%+2.31 pp | 10.121%+0.215 pp |
| 2013 | 9.807%baseline | 11.873%+2.066 pp | 10.603%+0.796 pp |
| 2012 | 10.018%baseline | 12.28%+2.262 pp | 10.955%+0.937 pp |
| 2011 | 9.886%baseline | 11.64%+1.754 pp | 10.929%+1.043 pp |
| 2010 | 9.495%baseline | 11.236%+1.741 pp | 10.893%+1.398 pp |
| 2009 | 9.281%baseline | 11.358%+2.077 pp | 10.299%+1.018 pp |
| 2008 | 10.307%baseline | 12.559%+2.252 pp | 10.984%+0.677 pp |
| 2007 | 11.761%baseline | 13.84%+2.079 pp | 11.765%+0.004 pp |
| 2006 | 12.495%baseline | 14.883%+2.388 pp | 13.156%+0.661 pp |
| 2005 | 11.615%baseline | 14.075%+2.46 pp | 12.39%+0.775 pp |
| 2004 | 11.511%baseline | 14.516%+3.005 pp | 11.646%+0.135 pp |
| 2003 | 11.425%baseline | 14.203%+2.778 pp | 11.818%+0.393 pp |
| 2002 | 11.911%baseline | 13.409%+1.498 pp | 12.101%+0.19 pp |
| 2001 | 10.99%baseline | 11.834%+0.844 pp | 11.446%+0.456 pp |
| 2000 | 10.848%baseline | 11.66%+0.812 pp | 11.186%+0.338 pp |
| 1999 | 11.115%baseline | 12.078%+0.963 pp | 11.323%+0.208 pp |
| 1998 | 11.438%baseline | 12.674%+1.236 pp | 11.426%-0.012 pp |
| 1997 | 12.2%baseline | 12.992%+0.792 pp | 12.269%+0.069 pp |
| 1996 | 11.795%baseline | 13.7%+1.905 pp | 12.682%+0.887 pp |
| 1995 | 12.058%baseline | 14.239%+2.181 pp | 12.665%+0.607 pp |
| 1994 | 11.885%baseline | 14.451%+2.566 pp | 12.699%+0.814 pp |
| 1993 | 11.509%baseline | 14.162%+2.653 pp | 12.137%+0.628 pp |
| 1992 | 11.577%baseline | 14.217%+2.64 pp | 11.916%+0.339 pp |
| 1991 | 12.358%baseline | 13.871%+1.513 pp | 12.337%-0.021 pp |
| 1990 | 12.683%baseline | 15.358%+2.675 pp | 13.08%+0.397 pp |
| 1989 | 13.368%baseline | 17.869%+4.501 pp | 12.617%-0.751 pp |
| 1988 | 13.959%baseline | 20.186%+6.227 pp | 12.875%-1.084 pp |
| 1987 | 14.325%baseline | 18.108%+3.783 pp | 12.23%-2.095 pp |
| 1986 | 14.095%baseline | 18.041%+3.946 pp | 12.878%-1.217 pp |
| 1985 | 13.81%baseline | 18.324%+4.514 pp | 12.103%-1.707 pp |
| 1984 | 14.534%baseline | 18.078%+3.544 pp | 12.955%-1.579 pp |
| 1983 | 13.389%baseline | 19.004%+5.615 pp | 12.368%-1.021 pp |
| 1982 | 12.464%baseline | 17.413%+4.949 pp | 10.771%-1.693 pp |
| 1981 | 12.797%baseline | 15.761%+2.964 pp | 11.034%-1.763 pp |
| 1980 | 12.806%baseline | 16.463%+3.657 pp | 11.2%-1.606 pp |
| 1979 | 13.97%baseline | 16.934%+2.964 pp | 12.714%-1.256 pp |
| 1978 | 15.146%baseline | 17.677%+2.531 pp | 13.973%-1.173 pp |
Research reading
What changed, without assigning cause
The high-to-low spread moved from 3.704 pp in 1978 to 2.549 pp in 2023.
Educational services is closest to the national rate in the final selected year. This is descriptive proximity, not a competitive assessment.
Cross-sector Business Dynamics Statistics comparisons are descriptive rate differences within published Census sector universes. A higher rate or rank is not a quality score, and the comparison does not establish concentration, market power, a legal antitrust market, or the cause of entry, exit, job creation, job destruction, or reallocation.
Interpretation boundary
A comparison of flows, not a verdict on competition.
Business Dynamics Statistics describe establishment and job-flow activity in broad Census sectors. Cross-sector differences can frame research questions, but product-market definition, concentration, conduct, entry conditions, and causal identification require separate evidence.