The selected-sector spread is 1.069 pp in 2023, from 13.716% to 12.647%.
Census BDS / comparative research desk
Sector Dynamics Comparison Studio
Compare sector entry, exit, and employment histories against national Business Dynamics Statistics. All comparisons retain the published year, rate, denominator, and population.
- Sector universe
- 19
- complete two-digit histories
- Annual coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 common years
- Published measures
- 6
- 5,520 exact observations
- Comparison limit
- 2-4
- sectors plus U.S. baseline
Common years1978-2023 for every sector
Comparable unitspublished BDS percentages
Source custodyU.S. Census Bureau
Ranks describe rate magnitude, not competitive quality.
Longitudinal comparison workspace
Cross-sector trajectories without a composite score
138 displayed sector and national values across 46 exact BDS years.Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Period
- Latest spread
- 1.069 pp
- 2023 high to low
- Spread change
- +0.939 pp
- wider since 1978
- Highest published rate
- 71
- 13.716% / not a quality rank
- Closest to U.S.
- 53
- +2.039 pp
Published sector trajectories
Establishment entry rate
Selected year2023+1.069 pp sector spread
- U.S. rate
- 10.608%
- Published national rate
- 53 Real estate and rental and leasing
- 12.647%
- +2.039 pp vs U.S.
- 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation
- 13.716%
- +3.108 pp vs U.S.
46 annual observationsPublished rates + U.S. contextNo interpolation
Selected-sector ledger
2023 position and window history
- Latest
- 12.647%
- U.S. gap
- +2.039 pp
- Change
- -4.9 pp
- All-sector rank
- #5 / 19
- Window average
- 13.92%
- Above U.S.
- 46 / 46 years
- Latest
- 13.716%
- U.S. gap
- +3.108 pp
- Change
- -3.961 pp
- All-sector rank
- #2 / 19
- Window average
- 14.485%
- Above U.S.
- 46 / 46 years
Relative regime strip
Annual distance from the U.S. rate
Above U.S.Below U.S.
Selected year2023
53 +2.039 pp71 +3.108 pp
53Real estate and rental and leasing
71Arts, entertainment, and recreation
197820002023
Exact annual comparison
Published rates and same-year U.S. gaps
| Year | United States | 53 | 71 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 10.608%baseline | 12.647%+2.039 pp | 13.716%+3.108 pp |
| 2022 | 11.651%baseline | 14.335%+2.684 pp | 17.155%+5.504 pp |
| 2021 | 10.845%baseline | 14.203%+3.358 pp | 13.517%+2.672 pp |
| 2020 | 9.637%baseline | 11.896%+2.259 pp | 13.554%+3.917 pp |
| 2019 | 9.613%baseline | 11.608%+1.995 pp | 13.168%+3.555 pp |
| 2018 | 9.414%baseline | 11.919%+2.505 pp | 12.758%+3.344 pp |
| 2017 | 9.675%baseline | 13.033%+3.358 pp | 13.369%+3.694 pp |
| 2016 | 10.194%baseline | 12.645%+2.451 pp | 13.283%+3.089 pp |
| 2015 | 10.025%baseline | 11.933%+1.908 pp | 12.603%+2.578 pp |
| 2014 | 9.906%baseline | 12.146%+2.24 pp | 12.216%+2.31 pp |
| 2013 | 9.807%baseline | 12.38%+2.573 pp | 11.873%+2.066 pp |
| 2012 | 10.018%baseline | 12.043%+2.025 pp | 12.28%+2.262 pp |
| 2011 | 9.886%baseline | 11.544%+1.658 pp | 11.64%+1.754 pp |
| 2010 | 9.495%baseline | 11.255%+1.76 pp | 11.236%+1.741 pp |
| 2009 | 9.281%baseline | 10.266%+0.985 pp | 11.358%+2.077 pp |
| 2008 | 10.307%baseline | 11.987%+1.68 pp | 12.559%+2.252 pp |
| 2007 | 11.761%baseline | 14.185%+2.424 pp | 13.84%+2.079 pp |
| 2006 | 12.495%baseline | 16.059%+3.564 pp | 14.883%+2.388 pp |
| 2005 | 11.615%baseline | 15.291%+3.676 pp | 14.075%+2.46 pp |
| 2004 | 11.511%baseline | 13.533%+2.022 pp | 14.516%+3.005 pp |
| 2003 | 11.425%baseline | 12.919%+1.494 pp | 14.203%+2.778 pp |
| 2002 | 11.911%baseline | 12.968%+1.057 pp | 13.409%+1.498 pp |
| 2001 | 10.99%baseline | 12.331%+1.341 pp | 11.834%+0.844 pp |
| 2000 | 10.848%baseline | 11.661%+0.813 pp | 11.66%+0.812 pp |
| 1999 | 11.115%baseline | 13.465%+2.35 pp | 12.078%+0.963 pp |
| 1998 | 11.438%baseline | 12.369%+0.931 pp | 12.674%+1.236 pp |
| 1997 | 12.2%baseline | 13.594%+1.394 pp | 12.992%+0.792 pp |
| 1996 | 11.795%baseline | 12.583%+0.788 pp | 13.7%+1.905 pp |
| 1995 | 12.058%baseline | 13.521%+1.463 pp | 14.239%+2.181 pp |
| 1994 | 11.885%baseline | 13.534%+1.649 pp | 14.451%+2.566 pp |
| 1993 | 11.509%baseline | 13.172%+1.663 pp | 14.162%+2.653 pp |
| 1992 | 11.577%baseline | 13.461%+1.884 pp | 14.217%+2.64 pp |
| 1991 | 12.358%baseline | 16.104%+3.746 pp | 13.871%+1.513 pp |
| 1990 | 12.683%baseline | 14.917%+2.234 pp | 15.358%+2.675 pp |
| 1989 | 13.368%baseline | 15.873%+2.505 pp | 17.869%+4.501 pp |
| 1988 | 13.959%baseline | 16.742%+2.783 pp | 20.186%+6.227 pp |
| 1987 | 14.325%baseline | 18.34%+4.015 pp | 18.108%+3.783 pp |
| 1986 | 14.095%baseline | 18.678%+4.583 pp | 18.041%+3.946 pp |
| 1985 | 13.81%baseline | 18.47%+4.66 pp | 18.324%+4.514 pp |
| 1984 | 14.534%baseline | 18.078%+3.544 pp | 18.078%+3.544 pp |
| 1983 | 13.389%baseline | 14.798%+1.409 pp | 19.004%+5.615 pp |
| 1982 | 12.464%baseline | 13.455%+0.991 pp | 17.413%+4.949 pp |
| 1981 | 12.797%baseline | 14.279%+1.482 pp | 15.761%+2.964 pp |
| 1980 | 12.806%baseline | 15.183%+2.377 pp | 16.463%+3.657 pp |
| 1979 | 13.97%baseline | 17.362%+3.392 pp | 16.934%+2.964 pp |
| 1978 | 15.146%baseline | 17.547%+2.401 pp | 17.677%+2.531 pp |
Research reading
What changed, without assigning cause
The high-to-low spread moved from 0.13 pp in 1978 to 1.069 pp in 2023.
Real estate and rental and leasing is closest to the national rate in the final selected year. This is descriptive proximity, not a competitive assessment.
Cross-sector Business Dynamics Statistics comparisons are descriptive rate differences within published Census sector universes. A higher rate or rank is not a quality score, and the comparison does not establish concentration, market power, a legal antitrust market, or the cause of entry, exit, job creation, job destruction, or reallocation.
Interpretation boundary
A comparison of flows, not a verdict on competition.
Business Dynamics Statistics describe establishment and job-flow activity in broad Census sectors. Cross-sector differences can frame research questions, but product-market definition, concentration, conduct, entry conditions, and causal identification require separate evidence.