The selected-sector spread is 5.928 pp in 2023, from 12.647% to 6.719%.
Census BDS / comparative research desk
Sector Dynamics Comparison Studio
Compare sector entry, exit, and employment histories against national Business Dynamics Statistics. All comparisons retain the published year, rate, denominator, and population.
- Sector universe
- 19
- complete two-digit histories
- Annual coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 common years
- Published measures
- 6
- 5,520 exact observations
- Comparison limit
- 2-4
- sectors plus U.S. baseline
Common years1978-2023 for every sector
Comparable unitspublished BDS percentages
Source custodyU.S. Census Bureau
Ranks describe rate magnitude, not competitive quality.
Longitudinal comparison workspace
Cross-sector trajectories without a composite score
138 displayed sector and national values across 46 exact BDS years.Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Period
Unrecognized comparison filters were replaced with the nearest valid BDS state.
- Latest spread
- 5.928 pp
- 2023 high to low
- Spread change
- +1.184 pp
- wider since 1978
- Highest published rate
- 53
- 12.647% / not a quality rank
- Closest to U.S.
- 53
- +2.039 pp
Published sector trajectories
Establishment entry rate
Selected year2023+5.928 pp sector spread
- U.S. rate
- 10.608%
- Published national rate
- 53 Real estate and rental and leasing
- 12.647%
- +2.039 pp vs U.S.
- 42 Wholesale trade
- 6.719%
- -3.889 pp vs U.S.
46 annual observationsPublished rates + U.S. contextNo interpolation
Selected-sector ledger
2023 position and window history
- Latest
- 12.647%
- U.S. gap
- +2.039 pp
- Change
- -4.9 pp
- All-sector rank
- #5 / 19
- Window average
- 13.92%
- Above U.S.
- 46 / 46 years
- Latest
- 6.719%
- U.S. gap
- -3.889 pp
- Change
- -6.084 pp
- All-sector rank
- #17 / 19
- Window average
- 9.562%
- Above U.S.
- 0 / 46 years
Relative regime strip
Annual distance from the U.S. rate
Above U.S.Below U.S.
Selected year2023
53 +2.039 pp42 -3.889 pp
53Real estate and rental and leasing
42Wholesale trade
197820002023
Exact annual comparison
Published rates and same-year U.S. gaps
| Year | United States | 53 | 42 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 10.608%baseline | 12.647%+2.039 pp | 6.719%-3.889 pp |
| 2022 | 11.651%baseline | 14.335%+2.684 pp | 7.828%-3.823 pp |
| 2021 | 10.845%baseline | 14.203%+3.358 pp | 7.234%-3.611 pp |
| 2020 | 9.637%baseline | 11.896%+2.259 pp | 6.416%-3.221 pp |
| 2019 | 9.613%baseline | 11.608%+1.995 pp | 6.664%-2.949 pp |
| 2018 | 9.414%baseline | 11.919%+2.505 pp | 6.714%-2.7 pp |
| 2017 | 9.675%baseline | 13.033%+3.358 pp | 7.192%-2.483 pp |
| 2016 | 10.194%baseline | 12.645%+2.451 pp | 7.442%-2.752 pp |
| 2015 | 10.025%baseline | 11.933%+1.908 pp | 7.551%-2.474 pp |
| 2014 | 9.906%baseline | 12.146%+2.24 pp | 7.64%-2.266 pp |
| 2013 | 9.807%baseline | 12.38%+2.573 pp | 8.021%-1.786 pp |
| 2012 | 10.018%baseline | 12.043%+2.025 pp | 8.029%-1.989 pp |
| 2011 | 9.886%baseline | 11.544%+1.658 pp | 8.329%-1.557 pp |
| 2010 | 9.495%baseline | 11.255%+1.76 pp | 7.958%-1.537 pp |
| 2009 | 9.281%baseline | 10.266%+0.985 pp | 7.534%-1.747 pp |
| 2008 | 10.307%baseline | 11.987%+1.68 pp | 8.657%-1.65 pp |
| 2007 | 11.761%baseline | 14.185%+2.424 pp | 9.066%-2.695 pp |
| 2006 | 12.495%baseline | 16.059%+3.564 pp | 9.732%-2.763 pp |
| 2005 | 11.615%baseline | 15.291%+3.676 pp | 8.901%-2.714 pp |
| 2004 | 11.511%baseline | 13.533%+2.022 pp | 9.446%-2.065 pp |
| 2003 | 11.425%baseline | 12.919%+1.494 pp | 9.347%-2.078 pp |
| 2002 | 11.911%baseline | 12.968%+1.057 pp | 9.593%-2.318 pp |
| 2001 | 10.99%baseline | 12.331%+1.341 pp | 9.797%-1.193 pp |
| 2000 | 10.848%baseline | 11.661%+0.813 pp | 9.48%-1.368 pp |
| 1999 | 11.115%baseline | 13.465%+2.35 pp | 9.092%-2.023 pp |
| 1998 | 11.438%baseline | 12.369%+0.931 pp | 10.008%-1.43 pp |
| 1997 | 12.2%baseline | 13.594%+1.394 pp | 10.54%-1.66 pp |
| 1996 | 11.795%baseline | 12.583%+0.788 pp | 11.038%-0.757 pp |
| 1995 | 12.058%baseline | 13.521%+1.463 pp | 10.815%-1.243 pp |
| 1994 | 11.885%baseline | 13.534%+1.649 pp | 10.617%-1.268 pp |
| 1993 | 11.509%baseline | 13.172%+1.663 pp | 10.471%-1.038 pp |
| 1992 | 11.577%baseline | 13.461%+1.884 pp | 10.423%-1.154 pp |
| 1991 | 12.358%baseline | 16.104%+3.746 pp | 11.146%-1.212 pp |
| 1990 | 12.683%baseline | 14.917%+2.234 pp | 11.059%-1.624 pp |
| 1989 | 13.368%baseline | 15.873%+2.505 pp | 11.411%-1.957 pp |
| 1988 | 13.959%baseline | 16.742%+2.783 pp | 11.895%-2.064 pp |
| 1987 | 14.325%baseline | 18.34%+4.015 pp | 12.188%-2.137 pp |
| 1986 | 14.095%baseline | 18.678%+4.583 pp | 11.899%-2.196 pp |
| 1985 | 13.81%baseline | 18.47%+4.66 pp | 11.54%-2.27 pp |
| 1984 | 14.534%baseline | 18.078%+3.544 pp | 11.51%-3.024 pp |
| 1983 | 13.389%baseline | 14.798%+1.409 pp | 11.11%-2.279 pp |
| 1982 | 12.464%baseline | 13.455%+0.991 pp | 11.26%-1.204 pp |
| 1981 | 12.797%baseline | 14.279%+1.482 pp | 11.67%-1.127 pp |
| 1980 | 12.806%baseline | 15.183%+2.377 pp | 10.808%-1.998 pp |
| 1979 | 13.97%baseline | 17.362%+3.392 pp | 11.26%-2.71 pp |
| 1978 | 15.146%baseline | 17.547%+2.401 pp | 12.803%-2.343 pp |
Research reading
What changed, without assigning cause
The high-to-low spread moved from 4.744 pp in 1978 to 5.928 pp in 2023.
Real estate and rental and leasing is closest to the national rate in the final selected year. This is descriptive proximity, not a competitive assessment.
Cross-sector Business Dynamics Statistics comparisons are descriptive rate differences within published Census sector universes. A higher rate or rank is not a quality score, and the comparison does not establish concentration, market power, a legal antitrust market, or the cause of entry, exit, job creation, job destruction, or reallocation.
Interpretation boundary
A comparison of flows, not a verdict on competition.
Business Dynamics Statistics describe establishment and job-flow activity in broad Census sectors. Cross-sector differences can frame research questions, but product-market definition, concentration, conduct, entry conditions, and causal identification require separate evidence.