The selected-sector spread is 3.58 pp in 2023, from 13.016% to 9.436%.
Census BDS / comparative research desk
Sector Dynamics Comparison Studio
Compare sector entry, exit, and employment histories against national Business Dynamics Statistics. All comparisons retain the published year, rate, denominator, and population.
- Sector universe
- 19
- complete two-digit histories
- Annual coverage
- 1978-2023
- 46 common years
- Published measures
- 6
- 5,520 exact observations
- Comparison limit
- 2-4
- sectors plus U.S. baseline
Common years1978-2023 for every sector
Comparable unitspublished BDS percentages
Source custodyU.S. Census Bureau
Ranks describe rate magnitude, not competitive quality.
Longitudinal comparison workspace
Cross-sector trajectories without a composite score
138 displayed sector and national values across 46 exact BDS years.Entering establishments as a share of the Census BDS establishment denominator.
Period
- Latest spread
- 3.58 pp
- 2023 high to low
- Spread change
- -2.458 pp
- narrower since 1978
- Highest published rate
- 23
- 13.016% / not a quality rank
- Closest to U.S.
- 21
- -1.172 pp
Published sector trajectories
Establishment entry rate
Selected year2023+3.58 pp sector spread
- U.S. rate
- 10.608%
- Published national rate
- 23 Construction
- 13.016%
- +2.408 pp vs U.S.
- 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
- 9.436%
- -1.172 pp vs U.S.
46 annual observationsPublished rates + U.S. contextNo interpolation
Selected-sector ledger
2023 position and window history
- Latest
- 13.016%
- U.S. gap
- +2.408 pp
- Change
- -9.175 pp
- All-sector rank
- #3 / 19
- Window average
- 14.764%
- Above U.S.
- 46 / 46 years
- Latest
- 9.436%
- U.S. gap
- -1.172 pp
- Change
- -6.717 pp
- All-sector rank
- #13 / 19
- Window average
- 11.483%
- Above U.S.
- 15 / 46 years
Relative regime strip
Annual distance from the U.S. rate
Above U.S.Below U.S.
Selected year2023
23 +2.408 pp21 -1.172 pp
23Construction
21Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
197820002023
Exact annual comparison
Published rates and same-year U.S. gaps
| Year | United States | 23 | 21 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 10.608%baseline | 13.016%+2.408 pp | 9.436%-1.172 pp |
| 2022 | 11.651%baseline | 14.08%+2.429 pp | 9.652%-1.999 pp |
| 2021 | 10.845%baseline | 13.613%+2.768 pp | 7.011%-3.834 pp |
| 2020 | 9.637%baseline | 12.454%+2.817 pp | 8.153%-1.484 pp |
| 2019 | 9.613%baseline | 12.93%+3.317 pp | 9.449%-0.164 pp |
| 2018 | 9.414%baseline | 12.776%+3.362 pp | 9.332%-0.082 pp |
| 2017 | 9.675%baseline | 12.695%+3.02 pp | 9.947%+0.272 pp |
| 2016 | 10.194%baseline | 13.35%+3.156 pp | 7.526%-2.668 pp |
| 2015 | 10.025%baseline | 13.22%+3.195 pp | 10.439%+0.414 pp |
| 2014 | 9.906%baseline | 13.094%+3.188 pp | 10.658%+0.752 pp |
| 2013 | 9.807%baseline | 12.78%+2.973 pp | 10.199%+0.392 pp |
| 2012 | 10.018%baseline | 13.82%+3.802 pp | 11.613%+1.595 pp |
| 2011 | 9.886%baseline | 13.225%+3.339 pp | 11.194%+1.308 pp |
| 2010 | 9.495%baseline | 11.834%+2.339 pp | 9.38%-0.115 pp |
| 2009 | 9.281%baseline | 9.919%+0.638 pp | 10.507%+1.226 pp |
| 2008 | 10.307%baseline | 11.821%+1.514 pp | 11.258%+0.951 pp |
| 2007 | 11.761%baseline | 14.166%+2.405 pp | 14.339%+2.578 pp |
| 2006 | 12.495%baseline | 16.686%+4.191 pp | 13.076%+0.581 pp |
| 2005 | 11.615%baseline | 15.75%+4.135 pp | 10.274%-1.341 pp |
| 2004 | 11.511%baseline | 15.954%+4.443 pp | 9.85%-1.661 pp |
| 2003 | 11.425%baseline | 14.38%+2.955 pp | 8.737%-2.688 pp |
| 2002 | 11.911%baseline | 13.395%+1.484 pp | 11.787%-0.124 pp |
| 2001 | 10.99%baseline | 12.461%+1.471 pp | 10.794%-0.196 pp |
| 2000 | 10.848%baseline | 12.972%+2.124 pp | 9.99%-0.858 pp |
| 1999 | 11.115%baseline | 13.767%+2.652 pp | 8.582%-2.533 pp |
| 1998 | 11.438%baseline | 13.828%+2.39 pp | 9.835%-1.603 pp |
| 1997 | 12.2%baseline | 14.799%+2.599 pp | 10.873%-1.327 pp |
| 1996 | 11.795%baseline | 14.781%+2.986 pp | 9.492%-2.303 pp |
| 1995 | 12.058%baseline | 16.459%+4.401 pp | 9.619%-2.439 pp |
| 1994 | 11.885%baseline | 16.161%+4.276 pp | 10.565%-1.32 pp |
| 1993 | 11.509%baseline | 15.651%+4.142 pp | 10.785%-0.724 pp |
| 1992 | 11.577%baseline | 14.348%+2.771 pp | 10.406%-1.171 pp |
| 1991 | 12.358%baseline | 13.692%+1.334 pp | 11.619%-0.739 pp |
| 1990 | 12.683%baseline | 15.859%+3.176 pp | 11.651%-1.032 pp |
| 1989 | 13.368%baseline | 15.866%+2.498 pp | 11.264%-2.104 pp |
| 1988 | 13.959%baseline | 16.859%+2.9 pp | 12.778%-1.181 pp |
| 1987 | 14.325%baseline | 18.84%+4.515 pp | 11.573%-2.752 pp |
| 1986 | 14.095%baseline | 18.31%+4.215 pp | 11.266%-2.829 pp |
| 1985 | 13.81%baseline | 19.127%+5.317 pp | 13.413%-0.397 pp |
| 1984 | 14.534%baseline | 19.656%+5.122 pp | 13.982%-0.552 pp |
| 1983 | 13.389%baseline | 16.033%+2.644 pp | 13.338%-0.051 pp |
| 1982 | 12.464%baseline | 13.25%+0.786 pp | 21.536%+9.072 pp |
| 1981 | 12.797%baseline | 14.273%+1.476 pp | 21.609%+8.812 pp |
| 1980 | 12.806%baseline | 15.879%+3.073 pp | 16.524%+3.718 pp |
| 1979 | 13.97%baseline | 19.11%+5.14 pp | 16.735%+2.765 pp |
| 1978 | 15.146%baseline | 22.191%+7.045 pp | 16.153%+1.007 pp |
Research reading
What changed, without assigning cause
The high-to-low spread moved from 6.038 pp in 1978 to 3.58 pp in 2023.
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction is closest to the national rate in the final selected year. This is descriptive proximity, not a competitive assessment.
Cross-sector Business Dynamics Statistics comparisons are descriptive rate differences within published Census sector universes. A higher rate or rank is not a quality score, and the comparison does not establish concentration, market power, a legal antitrust market, or the cause of entry, exit, job creation, job destruction, or reallocation.
Interpretation boundary
A comparison of flows, not a verdict on competition.
Business Dynamics Statistics describe establishment and job-flow activity in broad Census sectors. Cross-sector differences can frame research questions, but product-market definition, concentration, conduct, entry conditions, and causal identification require separate evidence.