{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"signals","count":17,"updatedThrough":"2026-07-21","summary":{"concentrationSignalCount":17,"decreasedCount":6,"domainCount":1,"earliestPriorYear":2017,"entityCount":17,"increasedCount":10,"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","latestYear":2022,"dynamismSignalCount":0,"geographySignalCount":0,"marketSignalCount":0,"mergerSignalCount":0,"sectorSignalCount":17,"signalCount":17,"sourceCount":2,"unchangedCount":1},"universeSummary":{"concentrationSignalCount":38,"decreasedCount":26,"domainCount":5,"earliestPriorYear":1995,"entityCount":32,"increasedCount":19,"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-21","latestYear":2026,"dynamismSignalCount":6,"geographySignalCount":6,"marketSignalCount":15,"mergerSignalCount":2,"sectorSignalCount":17,"signalCount":46,"sourceCount":12,"unchangedCount":1},"guardrail":"Every signal compares declared observed anchors inside the same series or cross-section. Missing years are not interpolated, intervals are not annualized, and market, industry, geographic, business-flow, and merger measures keep separate units, universes, period bases, and legal meanings. Antitrust Radar does not combine them into a composite competition score.","filters":{"direction":"all","directionMatched":true,"domain":"industries","domainMatched":true,"lens":"all","lensMatched":true,"metric":"all","metricMatched":true,"query":"","signal":null,"signalMatched":true},"activeSignalId":"industry-median-hhi:72","metrics":[{"id":"market-hhi","label":"Defined-market HHI","lens":"concentration","unit":"hhi_points"},{"id":"market-cr4","label":"Defined-market CR4","lens":"concentration","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"market-leader-share","label":"Leading-participant share","lens":"concentration","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi","label":"Detailed-industry median HHI","lens":"concentration","unit":"hhi_points"},{"id":"state-bank-median-hhi","label":"Median statewide bank-deposit HHI","lens":"concentration","unit":"hhi_points"},{"id":"national-bank-deposit-hhi","label":"National bank-deposit HHI","lens":"concentration","unit":"hhi_points"},{"id":"fixed-broadband-hhi","label":"Fixed broadband HHI by geographic scale","lens":"concentration","unit":"hhi_points"},{"id":"establishment-entry-rate","label":"Establishment entry rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"establishment-exit-rate","label":"Establishment exit rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"job-creation-rate","label":"Job creation rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"job-destruction-rate","label":"Job destruction rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"net-job-creation-rate","label":"Net job creation rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"reallocation-rate","label":"Excess job reallocation rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"},{"id":"hsr-transactions","label":"HSR transactions reported","lens":"activity","unit":"count"},{"id":"hsr-second-request-rate","label":"HSR Second Request rate","lens":"activity","unit":"percentage_points"}],"rows":[{"id":"industry-median-hhi:72","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-72","entityCode":"72","entityLabel":"Accommodation and food services","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":14.9,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":14.3,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-0.6,"deltaPercent":-4,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":10,"evidenceLabel":"10/15 strict six-digit pairs / 66.7% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Accommodation and food services moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 14.9 in 2017 to 14.3 in 2022 (-0.6 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/72","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=72#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A72#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:56","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-56","entityCode":"56","entityLabel":"Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":140.4,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":168.8,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":28.4,"deltaPercent":20.2,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":26,"evidenceLabel":"26/43 strict six-digit pairs / 60.5% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 140.4 in 2017 to 168.8 in 2022 (+28.4 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/56","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=56#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A56#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:71","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-71","entityCode":"71","entityLabel":"Arts, entertainment, and recreation","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":132.2,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":113.7,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-18.5,"deltaPercent":-14,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":14,"evidenceLabel":"14/25 strict six-digit pairs / 56.0% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Arts, entertainment, and recreation moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 132.2 in 2017 to 113.7 in 2022 (-18.5 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/71","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=71#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A71#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:23","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-23","entityCode":"23","entityLabel":"Construction","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":13.3,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":19.4,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":6.1,"deltaPercent":45.9,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":24,"evidenceLabel":"24/31 strict six-digit pairs / 77.4% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Construction moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 13.3 in 2017 to 19.4 in 2022 (+6.1 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/23","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=23#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A23#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:61","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-61","entityCode":"61","entityLabel":"Educational services","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":76.7,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":94.5,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":17.8,"deltaPercent":23.2,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":10,"evidenceLabel":"10/14 strict six-digit pairs / 71.4% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Educational services moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 76.7 in 2017 to 94.5 in 2022 (+17.8 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/61","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=61#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A61#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:52","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-52","entityCode":"52","entityLabel":"Finance and insurance","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":471.5,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":492.9,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":21.4,"deltaPercent":4.5,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":21,"evidenceLabel":"21/23 strict six-digit pairs / 91.3% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Finance and insurance moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 471.5 in 2017 to 492.9 in 2022 (+21.4 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/52","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=52#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A52#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:62","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-62","entityCode":"62","entityLabel":"Health care and social assistance","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":35.8,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":35.8,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":0,"deltaPercent":0,"direction":"unchanged","evidenceCount":26,"evidenceLabel":"26/38 strict six-digit pairs / 68.4% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Health care and social assistance moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 35.8 in 2017 to 35.8 in 2022 (0.0 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is unchanged than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/62","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=62#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A62#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:51","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-51","entityCode":"51","entityLabel":"Information","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":568.5,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":741.4,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":172.9,"deltaPercent":30.4,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":6,"evidenceLabel":"6/11 strict six-digit pairs / 54.5% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Information moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 568.5 in 2017 to 741.4 in 2022 (+172.9 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/51","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=51#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A51#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:31","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-31","entityCode":"31","entityLabel":"Manufacturing","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":415,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":435.6,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":20.6,"deltaPercent":5,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":238,"evidenceLabel":"238/327 strict six-digit pairs / 72.8% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Manufacturing moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 415 in 2017 to 435.6 in 2022 (+20.6 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/31-33","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=31#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A31#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:21","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-21","entityCode":"21","entityLabel":"Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":349.5,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":390.8,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":41.3,"deltaPercent":11.8,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":11,"evidenceLabel":"11/15 strict six-digit pairs / 73.3% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 349.5 in 2017 to 390.8 in 2022 (+41.3 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/21","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=21#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A21#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:81","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-81","entityCode":"81","entityLabel":"Other services (except public administration)","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":66.1,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":77.7,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":11.6,"deltaPercent":17.5,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":22,"evidenceLabel":"22/38 strict six-digit pairs / 57.9% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Other services (except public administration) moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 66.1 in 2017 to 77.7 in 2022 (+11.6 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/81","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=81#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A81#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:54","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-54","entityCode":"54","entityLabel":"Professional, scientific, and technical services","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":98.4,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":85.6,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-12.8,"deltaPercent":-13,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":32,"evidenceLabel":"32/46 strict six-digit pairs / 69.6% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Professional, scientific, and technical services moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 98.4 in 2017 to 85.6 in 2022 (-12.8 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/54","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=54#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A54#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:53","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-53","entityCode":"53","entityLabel":"Real estate and rental and leasing","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":93.2,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":103.8,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":10.6,"deltaPercent":11.4,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":16,"evidenceLabel":"16/24 strict six-digit pairs / 66.7% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Real estate and rental and leasing moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 93.2 in 2017 to 103.8 in 2022 (+10.6 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/53","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=53#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A53#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:44","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-44","entityCode":"44","entityLabel":"Retail trade","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":14,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":25.4,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":11.4,"deltaPercent":81.4,"direction":"increased","evidenceCount":1,"evidenceLabel":"1/5 strict six-digit pairs / 20.0% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Retail trade moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 14 in 2017 to 25.4 in 2022 (+11.4 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is higher than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/44-45","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=44#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A44#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:48","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-48","entityCode":"48","entityLabel":"Transportation and warehousing","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":259,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":251,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-8,"deltaPercent":-3.1,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":35,"evidenceLabel":"35/53 strict six-digit pairs / 66.0% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Transportation and warehousing moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 259 in 2017 to 251 in 2022 (-8.0 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/48-49","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=48#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A48#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:22","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-22","entityCode":"22","entityLabel":"Utilities","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":692.4,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":602,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-90.4,"deltaPercent":-13.1,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":7,"evidenceLabel":"7/14 strict six-digit pairs / 50.0% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Utilities moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 692.4 in 2017 to 602 in 2022 (-90.4 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/22","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=22#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A22#competition-monitor-console"},{"id":"industry-median-hhi:42","domain":"industries","domainLabel":"Census industries","lens":"concentration","entityId":"naics-sector-42","entityCode":"42","entityLabel":"Wholesale trade","metricId":"industry-median-hhi","metricLabel":"Median detailed-industry HHI","unit":"hhi_points","periodBasis":"calendar_year","priorYear":2017,"priorPeriod":"2017","priorValue":324.8,"priorSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","latestYear":2022,"latestPeriod":"2022","latestValue":322,"latestSourceId":"census-ecnsize-concentration-2022","yearsBetween":5,"delta":-2.8,"deltaPercent":-0.9,"direction":"decreased","evidenceCount":44,"evidenceLabel":"44/67 strict six-digit pairs / 65.7% coverage","dataStatus":"verified","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":2,"sourceIds":["census-ecnsize-concentration-2017","census-ecnsize-concentration-2022"],"publishers":["U.S. Census Bureau"],"latestSourceAccessDate":"2026-07-18","observation":"Wholesale trade moved from a paired-universe median HHI of 324.8 in 2017 to 322 in 2022 (-2.8 HHI points).","interpretation":"The 2022 median is lower than the 2017 median across the same published strict-match screen. Sector medians are orientation statistics, not sector HHI values or legal market findings.","researchQuestion":"Which six-digit industries drive the sector shift, and where do product, geography, entry, conduct, price, quality, or enforcement records justify deeper market-level research?","comparisonNote":"Difference between the 2017 and 2022 medians for the same strict six-digit matched universe; this is not the median of row-level changes.","guardrail":"Sector rows summarize strict six-digit NAICS matches. Their medians are not sector HHI values, legal antitrust markets, liability findings, or causal estimates. Vintage medians and the median of row-level changes are distinct distribution statistics and need not reconcile. Publication coverage varies by metric, and revenue changes are nominal.","entityHref":"/industries/42","explorerHref":"/trends/industries?sector=42#industry-history-workbench","monitorHref":"/economy/monitor?signal=industry-median-hhi%3A42#competition-monitor-console"}]}