{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"markets","count":4,"filters":{"sector":null,"geography":null,"class":null,"vintage":null,"status":"incomplete","confidence":null,"matchedMarkets":4},"rows":[{"id":"mkt-airlines","slug":"us-airline-domestic-passengers","name":"U.S. domestic airline passengers","shortName":"Domestic airlines","geography":"United States","sector":"Transportation","dataVintage":"2026","naicsCode":"481111","industryHref":"/industries/481111","crosswalkHref":"/markets/economy?bridgeMarket=us-airline-domestic-passengers&bridgeNaics=481111#market-industry-crosswalk","latestHhi":null,"concentrationClass":null,"cr4":69,"topFirmShare":17.8,"hhiAtOrAbove2500":null,"hhiDisclosureGap":true,"dataStatus":"incomplete","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":1,"policySourceCount":2,"policyEventCount":2,"reportCount":2,"briefAction":"Publish firm-level shares, ownership/control links, and market-definition notes before public agencies rely on private estimates.","briefActionLevel":"Evidence build","briefChange":"The current public record does not provide a definition-stable firm-level HHI series.","briefComparisonDelta":null,"briefComparisonDirection":"unavailable","briefComparisonFromYear":null,"briefComparisonMetric":null,"briefComparisonToYear":null,"briefEvidence":"3 records in the evidence custody chain, 11 latest share rows, 2 linked official records, and 2 related briefs support this profile. Status is incomplete with high confidence.","briefEvidenceState":"aggregate_only","briefGuardrail":"This brief summarizes the observatory's published market screen. It does not define a legal antitrust market, establish market power, identify anticompetitive conduct, estimate consumer harm, or convert descriptive concentration into a causal claim.","briefHeadline":"Domestic airlines: a 69.0% CR4 screen, but no publishable firm-level HHI.","briefHref":"/markets/us-airline-domestic-passengers#overview","briefQuestion":"Which individual firm shares and geographic boundaries are needed to move from aggregate concentration facts to a complete market screen?","briefSourceIds":"bts-transtats-2026|doj-jetblue-spirit-ruling-2024|doj-air-travel-inquiry-2024","briefStructure":"The latest structured aggregate is 69.0%. Individual shares do not close a firm-level distribution, so HHI remains withheld."},{"id":"mkt-housing","slug":"us-rental-housing-access","name":"U.S. rental housing access","shortName":"Rental housing","geography":"United States / local housing markets","sector":"Real estate","dataVintage":"2026","naicsCode":"531110","industryHref":"/industries/531110","crosswalkHref":"/markets/economy?bridgeMarket=us-rental-housing-access&bridgeNaics=531110#market-industry-crosswalk","latestHhi":null,"concentrationClass":null,"cr4":null,"topFirmShare":null,"hhiAtOrAbove2500":null,"hhiDisclosureGap":true,"dataStatus":"incomplete","confidenceLevel":"medium","sourceCount":4,"policySourceCount":2,"policyEventCount":2,"reportCount":2,"briefAction":"Publish firm-level shares, ownership/control links, and market-definition notes before public agencies rely on private estimates.","briefActionLevel":"Evidence build","briefChange":"No comparable firm-level concentration series is published for this profile.","briefComparisonDelta":null,"briefComparisonDirection":"unavailable","briefComparisonFromYear":null,"briefComparisonMetric":null,"briefComparisonToYear":null,"briefEvidence":"4 records in the evidence custody chain, 2 latest share rows, 2 linked official records, and 2 related briefs support this profile. Status is incomplete with medium confidence.","briefEvidenceState":"data_gap","briefGuardrail":"This brief summarizes the observatory's published market screen. It does not define a legal antitrust market, establish market power, identify anticompetitive conduct, estimate consumer harm, or convert descriptive concentration into a causal claim.","briefHeadline":"Rental housing: public access indicators, but no defensible national firm-share market.","briefHref":"/markets/us-rental-housing-access#overview","briefQuestion":"Which local ownership, management, unit-count, and rental-share records are needed to measure actual housing-market choice?","briefSourceIds":"jchs-rental-housing-2026|gao-institutional-sfr-2026|doj-realpage-case-2024|doj-realpage-settlement-2025","briefStructure":"The current sources do not identify a complete firm-level distribution under one consistent denominator. The published basis is: The relevant population or housing stock differs by source and is not combined into a single market denominator. The observatory therefore withholds HHI instead of filling the gap with assumptions."},{"id":"mkt-pbm","slug":"us-pharmacy-benefit-management","name":"U.S. pharmacy benefit management","shortName":"PBMs","geography":"United States","sector":"Health care","dataVintage":"2023","naicsCode":"524292","industryHref":"/industries/524292","crosswalkHref":"/markets/economy?bridgeMarket=us-pharmacy-benefit-management&bridgeNaics=524292#market-industry-crosswalk","latestHhi":null,"concentrationClass":null,"cr4":null,"topFirmShare":null,"hhiAtOrAbove2500":null,"hhiDisclosureGap":true,"dataStatus":"incomplete","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":1,"policySourceCount":4,"policyEventCount":4,"reportCount":2,"briefAction":"Publish firm-level shares, ownership/control links, and market-definition notes before public agencies rely on private estimates.","briefActionLevel":"Evidence build","briefChange":"The current public record does not provide a definition-stable firm-level HHI series.","briefComparisonDelta":null,"briefComparisonDirection":"unavailable","briefComparisonFromYear":null,"briefComparisonMetric":null,"briefComparisonToYear":null,"briefEvidence":"4 records in the evidence custody chain, 0 latest share rows, 4 linked official records, and 2 related briefs support this profile. Status is incomplete with high confidence.","briefEvidenceState":"aggregate_only","briefGuardrail":"This brief summarizes the observatory's published market screen. It does not define a legal antitrust market, establish market power, identify anticompetitive conduct, estimate consumer harm, or convert descriptive concentration into a causal claim.","briefHeadline":"PBMs: aggregate concentration evidence, but not the individual shares required for HHI.","briefHref":"/markets/us-pharmacy-benefit-management#overview","briefQuestion":"Which individual firm shares and geographic boundaries are needed to move from aggregate concentration facts to a complete market screen?","briefSourceIds":"ftc-pbm-interim-2024|ftc-pbm-insulin-complaint-2024|ftc-express-scripts-settlement-2026|ftc-caremark-settlement-2026","briefStructure":"The public record reports only aggregate concentration facts. Individual shares do not close a firm-level distribution, so HHI remains withheld."},{"id":"mkt-meatpacking","slug":"us-steer-heifer-meatpacking-purchases","name":"U.S. steer and heifer purchases by beef packers","shortName":"Beef meatpacking","geography":"United States / regional cattle procurement markets","sector":"Food and agriculture","dataVintage":"2019","naicsCode":"311611","industryHref":"/industries/311611","crosswalkHref":"/markets/economy?bridgeMarket=us-steer-heifer-meatpacking-purchases&bridgeNaics=311611#market-industry-crosswalk","latestHhi":null,"concentrationClass":null,"cr4":null,"topFirmShare":null,"hhiAtOrAbove2500":null,"hhiDisclosureGap":true,"dataStatus":"incomplete","confidenceLevel":"high","sourceCount":3,"policySourceCount":0,"policyEventCount":0,"reportCount":2,"briefAction":"Publish firm-level shares, ownership/control links, and market-definition notes before public agencies rely on private estimates.","briefActionLevel":"Evidence build","briefChange":"Published CR4 rose by 49 percentage points from 1980 to 2019, moving from 36 to 85.","briefComparisonDelta":49,"briefComparisonDirection":"increased","briefComparisonFromYear":1980,"briefComparisonMetric":"published_cr4","briefComparisonToYear":2019,"briefEvidence":"1 record in the evidence custody chain, 1 latest share row, 0 linked official records, and 2 related briefs support this profile. Status is incomplete with high confidence.","briefEvidenceState":"aggregate_only","briefGuardrail":"This brief summarizes the observatory's published market screen. It does not define a legal antitrust market, establish market power, identify anticompetitive conduct, estimate consumer harm, or convert descriptive concentration into a causal claim.","briefHeadline":"Beef meatpacking: published top-four share up 49 points, while firm-level HHI remains unavailable.","briefHref":"/markets/us-steer-heifer-meatpacking-purchases#overview","briefQuestion":"Which individual firm shares and geographic boundaries are needed to move from aggregate concentration facts to a complete market screen?","briefSourceIds":"usda-ers-meatpacking-2024","briefStructure":"The latest structured aggregate is 85.0%. Individual shares do not close a firm-level distribution, so HHI remains withheld."}]}