{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"events","count":4,"filters":{"markets":["us-ai-assistant-usage","us-search-engine-usage"],"marketsMatched":true,"matchedMarketCount":2,"matchedMarketSlugs":["us-ai-assistant-usage","us-search-engine-usage"],"unmatchedMarkets":[]},"rows":[{"id":"evt-google-search-remedies-2025","eventDate":"2025-09-02","year":2025,"title":"Court orders search distribution and data-access remedies","agency":"U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia","eventType":"remedy","stage":"remedy","summary":"The court prohibited specified exclusive distribution contracts and ordered access to certain search index and user-interaction data plus search and text-ad syndication services.","significance":"The official remedy record reaches search distribution, Chrome, and Gemini. Later market indicators should be monitored separately rather than treated as immediate proof of remedy effects.","relatedMarketIds":["mkt-search","mkt-browser","mkt-ai-chatbot"],"sourceId":"doj-google-search-remedies-2025","docketNumber":null,"markets":[{"id":"mkt-search","slug":"us-search-engine-usage","name":"U.S. search engine usage","shortName":"Search engines"},{"id":"mkt-browser","slug":"us-browser-usage","name":"U.S. browser usage","shortName":"Browsers"},{"id":"mkt-ai-chatbot","slug":"us-ai-assistant-usage","name":"U.S. generative AI assistant usage","shortName":"AI assistants"}],"sourceTitle":"Department of Justice Wins Significant Remedies Against Google","sourcePublisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/department-justice-wins-significant-remedies-against-google","sourceProfileHref":"/sources/doj-google-search-remedies-2025","recordProfileHref":"/enforcement/records/google-search-remedies-2025","proceedingId":"proceeding-google-search","proceedingSlug":"google-search-monopolization","proceedingTitle":"United States v. Google search monopolization","proceedingType":"court_case","proceedingSequence":3,"proceedingEventCount":3,"proceedingProfileHref":"/enforcement/proceedings/google-search-monopolization","namedEntities":[{"id":"pent-google-llc","slug":"google-llc","name":"Google LLC","role":"remedy_subject"}]},{"id":"evt-ai-partnerships-report-2025","eventDate":"2025-01-17","year":2025,"title":"FTC reports on cloud-provider and generative AI partnerships","agency":"Federal Trade Commission","eventType":"report","stage":"monitoring","summary":"The FTC published findings from its Section 6(b) study of investments and partnerships involving Alphabet, Amazon, Microsoft, Anthropic, and OpenAI.","significance":"Adds upstream cloud, input-access, switching-cost, and information-sharing context to the AI usage-share profile; the report studies a broader competitive layer than chatbot usage.","relatedMarketIds":["mkt-ai-chatbot"],"sourceId":"ftc-ai-partnerships-report-2025","docketNumber":null,"markets":[{"id":"mkt-ai-chatbot","slug":"us-ai-assistant-usage","name":"U.S. generative AI assistant usage","shortName":"AI assistants"}],"sourceTitle":"FTC Staff Report on AI Partnerships and Investments Study","sourcePublisher":"Federal Trade Commission","sourceUrl":"https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2025/01/ftc-issues-staff-report-ai-partnerships-investments-study","sourceProfileHref":"/sources/ftc-ai-partnerships-report-2025","recordProfileHref":"/enforcement/records/ai-partnerships-report-2025","proceedingId":"proceeding-ai-partnerships-study","proceedingSlug":"generative-ai-partnerships-study","proceedingTitle":"FTC cloud and generative AI partnerships study","proceedingType":"market_study","proceedingSequence":1,"proceedingEventCount":1,"proceedingProfileHref":"/enforcement/proceedings/generative-ai-partnerships-study","namedEntities":[{"id":"pent-alphabet","slug":"alphabet-inc","name":"Alphabet, Inc.","role":"report_subject"},{"id":"pent-amazon","slug":"amazon-com-inc","name":"Amazon.com, Inc.","role":"report_subject"},{"id":"pent-anthropic","slug":"anthropic-pbc","name":"Anthropic PBC","role":"report_subject"},{"id":"pent-microsoft","slug":"microsoft-corp","name":"Microsoft, Corp.","role":"report_subject"},{"id":"pent-openai","slug":"openai-opco-llc","name":"OpenAI OpCo, LLC","role":"report_subject"}]},{"id":"evt-google-search-liability-2024","eventDate":"2024-08-05","year":2024,"title":"Court finds Google liable for unlawful search monopoly maintenance","agency":"U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia","eventType":"decision","stage":"decision","summary":"The district court issued a liability opinion finding that Google maintained monopolies in general search services and general search text advertising in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act.","significance":"Marks the liability decision before the remedies phase. The ruling does not by itself establish a change in the observatory's usage-share HHI series.","relatedMarketIds":["mkt-search","mkt-browser"],"sourceId":"doj-google-search-case-2020","docketNumber":null,"markets":[{"id":"mkt-search","slug":"us-search-engine-usage","name":"U.S. search engine usage","shortName":"Search engines"},{"id":"mkt-browser","slug":"us-browser-usage","name":"U.S. browser usage","shortName":"Browsers"}],"sourceTitle":"U.S. and Plaintiff States v. Google LLC [2020]","sourcePublisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/atr/case/us-and-plaintiff-states-v-google-llc","sourceProfileHref":"/sources/doj-google-search-case-2020","recordProfileHref":"/enforcement/records/google-search-liability-2024","proceedingId":"proceeding-google-search","proceedingSlug":"google-search-monopolization","proceedingTitle":"United States v. Google search monopolization","proceedingType":"court_case","proceedingSequence":2,"proceedingEventCount":3,"proceedingProfileHref":"/enforcement/proceedings/google-search-monopolization","namedEntities":[{"id":"pent-google-llc","slug":"google-llc","name":"Google LLC","role":"defendant"}]},{"id":"evt-google-search-complaint-2020","eventDate":"2020-10-20","year":2020,"title":"United States files search monopolization complaint against Google","agency":"U.S. Department of Justice","eventType":"complaint","stage":"litigation","summary":"DOJ and state plaintiffs filed a civil case challenging Google's maintenance of monopolies in general search services and search advertising through distribution agreements.","significance":"Starts the federal case chronology for the default and distribution channels connected to the search and browser profiles; it is legal context rather than a concentration observation.","relatedMarketIds":["mkt-search","mkt-browser"],"sourceId":"doj-google-search-case-2020","docketNumber":null,"markets":[{"id":"mkt-search","slug":"us-search-engine-usage","name":"U.S. search engine usage","shortName":"Search engines"},{"id":"mkt-browser","slug":"us-browser-usage","name":"U.S. browser usage","shortName":"Browsers"}],"sourceTitle":"U.S. and Plaintiff States v. Google LLC [2020]","sourcePublisher":"U.S. Department of Justice","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/atr/case/us-and-plaintiff-states-v-google-llc","sourceProfileHref":"/sources/doj-google-search-case-2020","recordProfileHref":"/enforcement/records/google-search-complaint-2020","proceedingId":"proceeding-google-search","proceedingSlug":"google-search-monopolization","proceedingTitle":"United States v. Google search monopolization","proceedingType":"court_case","proceedingSequence":1,"proceedingEventCount":3,"proceedingProfileHref":"/enforcement/proceedings/google-search-monopolization","namedEntities":[{"id":"pent-google-llc","slug":"google-llc","name":"Google LLC","role":"defendant"}]}]}