# Colombia Competition Policy Systems Evidence Brief

**Economy:** COL / Colombia  
**Evidence status:** Joined PMR and activity evidence  
**Source review through:** 2026-07-24  
**Focus year:** 2024

## Focused Reading

| Source lane | Measure | Period | Value | Descriptive position |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| OECD Product Market Regulation | Overall Product Market Regulation | 2023-01-01 | 1.831 | lower-barrier rank 42 of 55 |
| OECD Competition Trends | Merger decisions | 2024 | 33 | activity rank 37 of 56 |

The two rows above remain separate descriptive coordinate systems. They are not combined into a score.

## Product Market Regulation Snapshot

Database: OECD-WBG. Current reference date: 2023-01-01. The comparison column contains the OECD recalculated 2018 value only where that row is published.

| PMR measure | Current value | Recalculated 2018 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Overall Product Market Regulation | 1.831 | 1.978 |
| Distortions induced by state involvement | 1.931 | 2.041 |
| Barriers to domestic and foreign entry | 1.732 | 1.915 |
| Distortions induced by public ownership | 1.687 | 1.668 |
| Involvement in business operations | 1.492 | 1.542 |
| Regulations impact evaluation | 2.612 | 2.912 |
| Administrative and regulatory burden | 2.377 | 2.677 |
| Barriers in service and network sectors | 1.895 | 1.919 |
| Barriers to trade and investment | 0.923 | 1.148 |

## 2024 Merger-Control Activity Snapshot

Region: Americas. Values are published activity counts, not effectiveness measures.

| Activity measure | 2024 |
| --- | --- |
| Merger notifications | 156 |
| Merger decisions | 33 |
| Phase One clearances without remedies | 28 |
| Phase One clearances with remedies | 0 |
| Phase Two clearances without remedies | 2 |
| Phase Two clearances with remedies | 3 |
| Merger prohibitions or challenges | 0 |
| Withdrawn merger notifications | 7 |

## Merger decisions Timeline

| Year | Decisions |
| --- | --- |
| 2015 | 87 |
| 2016 | 68 |
| 2017 | 58 |
| 2018 | 33 |
| 2019 | 44 |
| 2020 | 40 |
| 2021 | 35 |
| 2022 | 55 |
| 2023 | 29 |
| 2024 | 33 |

## Interpretation Boundary

This bridge aligns OECD Product Market Regulation economy codes with OECD Competition Trends economy-jurisdiction codes for navigation across two separate releases. PMR values describe encoded regulatory frameworks on a 0-6 scale at economy-specific reference dates. Competition Trends values count reported merger-control activity in 2015-2024. Positions, ranks, gaps, changes, and co-movement do not measure market concentration, enforcement quality, deterrence, welfare, institutional effectiveness, legal correctness, or causation.

Economies join only when the two OECD releases publish the same exact economy code and name. No fuzzy name matching, imputation, forward filling, or composite score is used. Forty-seven economies join across both releases; PMR-only and enforcement-only economies remain visible as one-sided evidence records. EU and COMESA are retained separately as regional authorities and are not treated as economies in the bridge.

## Source Custody

- [Product Market Regulation Indicators, 2023 methodology](https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/product-market-regulation.html) - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; current reference years 2023, 2024, 2025 / recalculated 2018; reviewed 2026-07-24.
- [A Decade of OECD Competition Trends, Data and Insights](https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2025/12/a-decade-of-oecd-competition-trends-data-and-insights_8aabb981/full-report.html) - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; 2015-2024; reviewed 2026-07-24.

## Continue the Inquiry

- [Combined dossier](https://antitrustradar.org/economy/competition-policy/col?pmrMetric=pmr&enforcementMetric=merger-decisions&year=2024&view=plane)
- [PMR profile](https://antitrustradar.org/economy/pmr/col?metric=pmr&view=ranking)
- [Enforcement profile](https://antitrustradar.org/enforcement/global/col?metric=merger-decisions&year=2024&view=ranking)
- [Filtered JSON](https://antitrustradar.org/api/public/competition-policy-systems?economy=COL&year=2024)
- [Filtered CSV](https://antitrustradar.org/api/public/competition-policy-systems?economy=COL&year=2024&format=csv)