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trace usage and referral screens into exact product, operator, official-record, and research links while keeping every digital denominator separate. search, browser, mobile operating system, social referral, and ai-assistant usage are separate screens. their adjacency does not establish one ecosystem market, common control, or a combined concentration measure. stable user and firm panels, default and distribution contracts, switching, multihoming, interoperability, data access, compute, price, quality, and entry records. technology-policy researchers, reporters, authorities, and advocates ar-rb-2026-02 five digital gateways ar-ci-2026-02 four digital usage systems traced four different structural paths.","connectionCount":15},{"id":"issue:digital-gateways","kind":"issue","label":"Digital platform gateways","shortLabel":"Digital gateways","description":"How do defaults, distribution agreements, data access, and adjacent-platform positions shape entry across separately measured digital systems?","href":"/issues/digital-platform-gateways","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"5","detail":"5 separately defined markets / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2026,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"digital platform gateways digital gateways defaults, distribution, and adjacent platforms search, browsers, mobile operating systems, social referrals, and generative ai assistants are tracked as separate usage-share proxies while the issue program follows their declared product, operator, and official-record links. how do defaults, distribution agreements, data access, and adjacent-platform positions shape entry across separately measured digital systems? which distribution agreements and default placements affect switching at each gateway? where do data, compute, interoperability, or access conditions constrain entry without assuming the same mechanism across products? which firm-level and user-level records can separate usage movement from changes in product quality, availability, or measurement? u.s. search engine usage search engines digital platforms u.s. browser usage browsers software u.s. generative ai assistant usage ai assistants digital platforms u.s. mobile operating-system web usage mobile operating systems digital platforms u.s. social-media referral traffic social referrals digital platforms","connectionCount":8}],"connectorNodes":[],"pairs":[{"id":"topic:digital-platforms--issue:digital-gateways","leftId":"topic:digital-platforms","leftLabel":"Digital Platforms","rightId":"issue:digital-gateways","rightLabel":"Digital platform gateways","status":"direct","directEdgeCount":1,"shortestHopCount":1,"alternativeShortestPathCount":0,"primaryPathNodeIds":["topic:digital-platforms","issue:digital-gateways"],"primaryPathEdgeIds":["topic-issue:digital-platforms:digital-gateways"]}],"sources":[],"rows":[{"id":"topic-issue:digital-platforms:digital-gateways","layer":"research","relationshipType":"topic_issue","relationshipLabel":"Declared issue-program membership","fromId":"topic:digital-platforms","fromKind":"topic","fromLabel":"Digital Platforms","fromHref":"/research/topics/digital-platforms","toId":"issue:digital-gateways","toKind":"issue","toLabel":"Digital platform gateways","toHref":"/issues/digital-platform-gateways","evidenceLabel":"Research topic issue contract","evidenceDetail":"Digital platform gateways is explicitly included in the Digital Platforms institutional research contract.","sourceId":null,"sourceUrl":null,"confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"A topic-to-issue link records one declared institutional membership. 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