{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"atlas","mode":"workspace","updatedThrough":"2026-08-15","citation":"Antitrust Radar, Atlas Research Workspace: Excess job reallocation rate; Digital platform gateways (2026-08-15); 2 canonical profiles and 6 declared supporting edges.","guardrail":"The workspace assembles canonical profiles and declared Atlas edges for research navigation. A direct edge preserves only its encoded evidence statement. A multi-hop route does not establish a direct endpoint relationship, make unlike measures comparable, define a legal market, assign ownership, control, liability, or causation, or prove a policy effect.","filters":{"duplicateItems":[],"items":["indicator:reallocation-rate","issue:digital-gateways"],"itemsMatched":true,"requestedItems":["indicator:reallocation-rate","issue:digital-gateways"],"truncated":false,"unmatchedItems":[],"layer":"all","layerMatched":true,"view":"map"},"diagnostics":{"bridgeDependenceRate":1,"confidenceCounts":{"bounded":5,"high":1,"low":0,"medium":0},"connectedPairRate":1,"directPairRate":0,"layerCounts":[{"count":3,"layer":"measurement"},{"count":0,"layer":"organization"},{"count":0,"layer":"enforcement"},{"count":3,"layer":"research"}],"sourceBearingEdgeCount":4,"sourceCoverageRate":0.6666666666666666,"transitNodes":[{"bridgedPairShare":1,"nodeId":"source:census-business-dynamics-2023","pairCount":1,"pairIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways"],"selected":false},{"bridgedPairShare":1,"nodeId":"source:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","pairCount":1,"pairIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways"],"selected":false},{"bridgedPairShare":1,"nodeId":"topic:merger-review","pairCount":1,"pairIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways"],"selected":false},{"bridgedPairShare":1,"nodeId":"report:insight-merger-review-pipeline","pairCount":1,"pairIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways"],"selected":false},{"bridgedPairShare":1,"nodeId":"geography:US-ECONOMY","pairCount":1,"pairIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways"],"selected":false}]},"summary":{"bridgedPairCount":1,"connectedPairCount":1,"connectorNodeCount":5,"directPairCount":0,"disconnectedPairCount":0,"layerCount":2,"ledgerEdgeCount":6,"nodeKindCount":2,"pairCount":1,"selectedNodeCount":2,"sourceCount":2},"selectedNodes":[{"id":"indicator:reallocation-rate","kind":"indicator","label":"Excess job reallocation rate","shortLabel":"Excess reallocation","description":"Job creation plus job destruction minus the absolute net job creation rate, measuring reallocation beyond the amount required by the net employment change.","href":"/indicators/reallocation-rate","metricLabel":"Observation rows","metricValue":"920","detail":"20 entities / 1978-2023","status":"dynamism","year":2023,"color":"#06b6d4","searchText":"reallocation-rate excess job reallocation rate excess reallocation job creation plus job destruction minus the absolute net job creation rate, measuring reallocation beyond the amount required by the net employment change. dynamism percent","connectionCount":2},{"id":"issue:digital-gateways","kind":"issue","label":"Digital platform gateways","shortLabel":"Digital gateways","description":"How do defaults, distribution agreements, data access, and adjacent-platform positions shape entry across separately measured digital systems?","href":"/issues/digital-platform-gateways","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"5","detail":"5 separately defined markets / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2026,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"digital platform gateways digital gateways defaults, distribution, and adjacent platforms search, browsers, mobile operating systems, social referrals, and generative ai assistants are tracked as separate usage-share proxies while the issue program follows their declared product, operator, and official-record links. how do defaults, distribution agreements, data access, and adjacent-platform positions shape entry across separately measured digital systems? which distribution agreements and default placements affect switching at each gateway? where do data, compute, interoperability, or access conditions constrain entry without assuming the same mechanism across products? which firm-level and user-level records can separate usage movement from changes in product quality, availability, or measurement? u.s. search engine usage search engines digital platforms u.s. browser usage browsers software u.s. generative ai assistant usage ai assistants digital platforms u.s. mobile operating-system web usage mobile operating systems digital platforms u.s. social-media referral traffic social referrals digital platforms","connectionCount":8}],"connectorNodes":[{"id":"geography:US-ECONOMY","kind":"geography","label":"United States Competition Profile","shortLabel":"U.S. economy","description":"Canonical national profile preserving seven separately scaled public evidence systems and fourteen native-period economic signals.","href":"/economy","metricLabel":"National context systems","metricValue":"7","detail":"14 signals / 872 exact readings","status":"source-separated national context","year":2026,"color":"#22c55e","searchText":"united states usa u.s. economy competition profile national economic context consumer prices labor-market flows employment and earnings productivity and labor costs labor share and compensation business dynamism merger-review pipeline all-items consumer prices rent of primary residence total nonfarm job openings rate total nonfarm quits rate total private payroll employment total private average hourly earnings nonfarm business labor productivity nonfarm business unit labor costs nonfarm business labor share nonfarm business real hourly compensation national establishment entry rate national net job creation rate hsr transactions reported hsr second request rate","connectionCount":77},{"id":"report:insight-merger-review-pipeline","kind":"report","label":"Reported HSR volume and the Second Request rate both moved lower in FY2025.","shortLabel":"Merger review","description":"Two federal program measures preserve their fiscal-year denominator and procedural meaning without converting review activity into a judgment about transactions or agency performance. HSR transaction counts and Second Request rates describe a federal notification and review pipeline. They do not measure merger harm, deterrence, legal merit, agency quality, or competitive outcomes.","href":"/insights/federal-merger-review-pipeline-fy2025","metricLabel":"Exact signals","metricValue":"2","detail":"AR-CI-2026-07 / Domain readout","status":"current insight","year":2026,"color":"#6366f1","searchText":"reported hsr volume and the second request rate both moved lower in fy2025. merger review two federal program measures preserve their fiscal-year denominator and procedural meaning without converting review activity into a judgment about transactions or agency performance. federal merger activity domain readout ar-ci-2026-07 reported transaction volume edged lower. reported hsr transactions moved from 2,031 in fy2024 to 2,006 in fy2025 (-25 transactions). the second request rate also moved lower. second request rate moved from 3.0% in fy2024 to 2.1% in fy2025 (-0.90 percentage points). the two declines do not explain one another. transaction volume and the share receiving second requests have separate numerators, denominators, and possible drivers. transaction mix, thresholds, exemptions, clearance, and agency allocation remain necessary context. hart-scott-rodino program second request rate hart-scott-rodino program reported hsr transactions","connectionCount":2},{"id":"source:census-business-dynamics-2023","kind":"source","label":"2023 Business Dynamics Statistics","shortLabel":"U.S. Census Bureau","description":"Annual national and two-digit NAICS sector measures of establishment entry and exit job creation and destruction net job creation and employment reallocation from 1978 through 2023.","href":"/sources/census-business-dynamics-2023","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-07-19","detail":"U.S. Census Bureau","status":"public dataset","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"census-business-dynamics-2023 2023 business dynamics statistics u.s. census bureau annual national and two-digit naics sector measures of establishment entry and exit job creation and destruction net job creation and employment reallocation from 1978 through 2023. u.s. census bureau, 2023 business dynamics statistics, economy-wide and sector time-series tables, released september 2025. public_dataset","connectionCount":9},{"id":"source:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","kind":"source","label":"48th Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Report (FY 2025)","shortLabel":"Federal Trade Commiss...","description":"Official annual report on the federal premerger notification program including reported transactions filings Second Requests early termination requests and fiscal-year 2025 transaction-size statistics.","href":"/sources/ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-07-18","detail":"Federal Trade Commission and U.S. Department of Justice","status":"agency report","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025 48th hart-scott-rodino annual report (fy 2025) federal trade commission and u.s. department of justice official annual report on the federal premerger notification program including reported transactions filings second requests early termination requests and fiscal-year 2025 transaction-size statistics. federal trade commission and u.s. department of justice antitrust division, 48th hart-scott-rodino annual report, fiscal year 2025, july 2026. agency_report","connectionCount":7},{"id":"topic:merger-review","kind":"topic","label":"Merger Review","shortLabel":"Merger Review","description":"How are notification volume, transaction mix, review intensity, official outcomes, and observed market structure changing without conflating process with effect?","href":"/research/topics/merger-review","metricLabel":"Publication memberships","metricValue":"3","detail":"AR-T06 / 2 issue programs / 5 evidence lanes","status":"institutional research topic","year":2026,"color":"#ea580c","searchText":"ar-t06 merger review mergers how are notification volume, transaction mix, review intensity, official outcomes, and observed market structure changing without conflating process with effect? keep federal filing, transaction-size, review-process, structural-screen, and official-record evidence in separate but connected lanes. notification counts, second request rates, concentration screens, complaints, settlements, and abandonments have different denominators and meanings. none alone establishes transaction effects or legal merit. transaction-level industry and size, thresholds, exemptions, agency allocation, review timing, outcomes, remedies, market shares, entry, price, quality, and capacity. merger researchers, oversight staff, journalists, and enforcement practitioners ar-sc-2026-01 the u.s. competition landscape ar-rb-2026-05 the federal merger review pipeline, 2016-2025 ar-ci-2026-07 reported hsr volume and the second request rate both moved lower in fy2025.","connectionCount":7}],"pairs":[{"id":"indicator:reallocation-rate--issue:digital-gateways","leftId":"indicator:reallocation-rate","leftLabel":"Excess job reallocation rate","rightId":"issue:digital-gateways","rightLabel":"Digital platform gateways","status":"bridged","directEdgeCount":0,"shortestHopCount":6,"alternativeShortestPathCount":7,"primaryPathNodeIds":["indicator:reallocation-rate","source:census-business-dynamics-2023","geography:US-ECONOMY","source:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","report:insight-merger-review-pipeline","topic:merger-review","issue:digital-gateways"],"primaryPathEdgeIds":["indicator-source:reallocation-rate:census-business-dynamics-2023","national-context:US:dynamism","national-context:US:mergers","report-source:insight-merger-review-pipeline:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","topic-publication:merger-review:AR-CI-2026-07","topic-issue:merger-review:digital-gateways"]}],"sources":[{"edgeCount":2,"href":"/sources/census-business-dynamics-2023","id":"census-business-dynamics-2023","label":"2023 Business Dynamics Statistics","sourceUrl":"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/data.Datasets.html"},{"edgeCount":2,"href":"/sources/ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","id":"ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","label":"48th Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Report (FY 2025)","sourceUrl":"https://www.ftc.gov/reports/federal-trade-commission-bureau-competition-department-justice-antitrust-division-hart-scott-rodino-10"}],"rows":[{"id":"indicator-source:reallocation-rate:census-business-dynamics-2023","layer":"measurement","relationshipType":"indicator_source","relationshipLabel":"Indicator source custody","fromId":"indicator:reallocation-rate","fromKind":"indicator","fromLabel":"Excess job reallocation rate","fromHref":"/indicators/reallocation-rate","toId":"source:census-business-dynamics-2023","toKind":"source","toLabel":"2023 Business Dynamics Statistics","toHref":"/sources/census-business-dynamics-2023","evidenceLabel":"U.S. Census Bureau / 2023 Business Dynamics Statistics","evidenceDetail":"Job creation plus job destruction minus the absolute net job creation rate, measuring reallocation beyond the amount required by the net employment change. Census BDS rates retain the published national or two-digit NAICS sector universe.","sourceId":"census-business-dynamics-2023","sourceUrl":"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/data.Datasets.html","confidenceLevel":"high","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"A source link records indicator custody and does not extend the source beyond its stated universe, period, or unit."},{"id":"national-context:US:dynamism","layer":"measurement","relationshipType":"national_context","relationshipLabel":"National economic context","fromId":"geography:US-ECONOMY","fromKind":"geography","fromLabel":"United States Competition Profile","fromHref":"/economy","toId":"source:census-business-dynamics-2023","toKind":"source","toLabel":"2023 Business Dynamics Statistics","toHref":"/sources/census-business-dynamics-2023","evidenceLabel":"U.S. Census Bureau / Dynamism","evidenceDetail":"Business dynamism supplies two source-native signals to the United States Competition Profile: National establishment entry rate and National net job creation rate. National establishment and job-flow rates from Census BDS, with annual observations through the latest published year.","sourceId":"census-business-dynamics-2023","sourceUrl":"https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/data.Datasets.html","confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"The National Economic Context Observatory places exact source observations on one dated workspace, but it does not merge their units, frequencies, universes, seasonal-adjustment conventions, or release calendars. Monthly, quarterly, calendar-year, and fiscal-year signals keep independent scales. Missing periods are not interpolated or carried forward. These descriptive accounts do not establish concentration, profits, markups, employer power, a legal antitrust market, policy effectiveness, welfare effects, or causation, and they are never combined into a composite score."},{"id":"national-context:US:mergers","layer":"measurement","relationshipType":"national_context","relationshipLabel":"National economic context","fromId":"geography:US-ECONOMY","fromKind":"geography","fromLabel":"United States Competition Profile","fromHref":"/economy","toId":"source:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","toKind":"source","toLabel":"48th Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Report (FY 2025)","toHref":"/sources/ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","evidenceLabel":"Federal Trade Commission and U.S. Department of Justice / Mergers","evidenceDetail":"Merger-review pipeline supplies two source-native signals to the United States Competition Profile: HSR transactions reported and HSR Second Request rate. Federal premerger filing volume and intensive-review incidence by fiscal year, without outcome or effectiveness scoring.","sourceId":"ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","sourceUrl":"https://www.ftc.gov/reports/federal-trade-commission-bureau-competition-department-justice-antitrust-division-hart-scott-rodino-10","confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"The National Economic Context Observatory places exact source observations on one dated workspace, but it does not merge their units, frequencies, universes, seasonal-adjustment conventions, or release calendars. Monthly, quarterly, calendar-year, and fiscal-year signals keep independent scales. Missing periods are not interpolated or carried forward. These descriptive accounts do not establish concentration, profits, markups, employer power, a legal antitrust market, policy effectiveness, welfare effects, or causation, and they are never combined into a composite score."},{"id":"report-source:insight-merger-review-pipeline:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","layer":"research","relationshipType":"report_source","relationshipLabel":"Declared publication source","fromId":"report:insight-merger-review-pipeline","fromKind":"report","fromLabel":"Reported HSR volume and the Second Request rate both moved lower in FY2025.","fromHref":"/insights/federal-merger-review-pipeline-fy2025","toId":"source:ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","toKind":"source","toLabel":"48th Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Report (FY 2025)","toHref":"/sources/ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","evidenceLabel":"Federal Trade Commission and U.S. Department of Justice","evidenceDetail":"48th Hart-Scott-Rodino Annual Report (FY 2025) appears in the source-custodied signal packet for AR-CI-2026-07.","sourceId":"ftc-doj-hsr-report-2025","sourceUrl":"https://www.ftc.gov/reports/federal-trade-commission-bureau-competition-department-justice-antitrust-division-hart-scott-rodino-10","confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"A source edge records the public evidence basis declared by the publication and does not erase the source's limitations."},{"id":"topic-issue:merger-review:digital-gateways","layer":"research","relationshipType":"topic_issue","relationshipLabel":"Declared issue-program membership","fromId":"topic:merger-review","fromKind":"topic","fromLabel":"Merger Review","fromHref":"/research/topics/merger-review","toId":"issue:digital-gateways","toKind":"issue","toLabel":"Digital platform gateways","toHref":"/issues/digital-platform-gateways","evidenceLabel":"Research topic issue contract","evidenceDetail":"Digital platform gateways is explicitly included in the Merger Review institutional research contract.","sourceId":null,"sourceUrl":null,"confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"A topic-to-issue link records one declared institutional membership. It does not merge the issue program's markets, establish harm, rank importance, or imply a shared method or finding."},{"id":"topic-publication:merger-review:AR-CI-2026-07","layer":"research","relationshipType":"topic_publication","relationshipLabel":"Declared topic membership","fromId":"topic:merger-review","fromKind":"topic","fromLabel":"Merger Review","fromHref":"/research/topics/merger-review","toId":"report:insight-merger-review-pipeline","toKind":"report","toLabel":"Reported HSR volume and the Second Request rate both moved lower in FY2025.","toHref":"/insights/federal-merger-review-pipeline-fy2025","evidenceLabel":"Publication theme contract","evidenceDetail":"AR-CI-2026-07, Reported HSR volume and the Second Request rate both moved lower in FY2025., carries the exact Merger Review publication-theme membership.","sourceId":null,"sourceUrl":null,"confidenceLevel":"bounded","indicatorId":null,"entityCode":null,"observationCount":null,"firstYear":null,"latestYear":null,"preferredView":null,"sourceIds":null,"guardrail":"A topic-to-publication link records one exact editorial theme membership. It does not rank publication quality, evidence strength, importance, impact, or policy effect."}]}