{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","dataset":"atlas","updatedThrough":"2026-08-15","guardrail":"The atlas exposes only relationships declared in the current public data. 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definitions. local officials, researchers, journalists, and community advocates ar-sc-2026-01 the u.s. competition landscape ar-dn-2026-02 housing competition needs local ownership data ar-rb-2026-03 state banking structure, 2015-2025 ar-rb-2026-06 fixed broadband concentration across geographic scales, 2020-2024 ar-rb-2026-07 state individual insurance concentration, 2024 ar-ci-2026-04 geographic concentration screens point in different directions at different scales. ar-ci-2026-05 national fixed-broadband hhi rose while three geographic medians fell.","connectionCount":17,"x":565.711,"y":167.724,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"topic:methods-public-data","kind":"topic","label":"Methods and Public Data","shortLabel":"Methods and Public Data","description":"What can current public records establish, where do measurement boundaries stop, and which disclosures would make antitrust research more 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legislators ar-mm-2026-01 how hhi helps explain market concentration ar-dn-2026-01 where public market-share data runs out ar-dn-2026-02 housing competition needs local ownership data","connectionCount":5,"x":594.289,"y":292.933,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"source:jchs-rental-housing-2026","kind":"source","label":"America's Rental Housing 2026","shortLabel":"Harvard Joint Center...","description":"Public research report on U.S. rental housing conditions and renter cost burdens.","href":"/sources/jchs-rental-housing-2026","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-06-21","detail":"Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies","status":"academic paper","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"jchs-rental-housing-2026 america's rental housing 2026 harvard joint center for housing studies public research report on u.s. rental housing conditions and renter cost burdens. harvard joint center for housing studies, america's rental housing 2026, released march 2026. academic_paper","connectionCount":3,"x":514.215,"y":393.343,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"source:gao-institutional-sfr-2026","kind":"source","label":"Institutional Investor Ownership of Single-Family Rental Homes","shortLabel":"Government Accountabi...","description":"GAO report on institutional investor ownership shares in selected single-family rental housing markets.","href":"/sources/gao-institutional-sfr-2026","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-06-21","detail":"Government Accountability Office","status":"agency report","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"gao-institutional-sfr-2026 institutional investor ownership of single-family rental homes government accountability office gao report on institutional investor ownership shares in selected single-family rental housing markets. government accountability office, rental housing: institutional investor ownership of single-family rental homes, gao-26-108675, march 2026. agency_report","connectionCount":2,"x":385.785,"y":393.343,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"source:freddie-mac-housing-supply-2024","kind":"source","label":"Housing Supply: Still Undersupplied by Millions of Units","shortLabel":"Freddie Mac","description":"Freddie Mac estimate of the U.S. housing supply shortage relative to long-run housing demand.","href":"/sources/freddie-mac-housing-supply-2024","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-06-21","detail":"Freddie Mac","status":"industry report","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"freddie-mac-housing-supply-2024 housing supply: still undersupplied by millions of units freddie mac freddie mac estimate of the u.s. housing supply shortage relative to long-run housing demand. freddie mac, housing supply: still undersupplied by millions of units, november 2024. industry_report","connectionCount":1,"x":305.711,"y":292.933,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"source:ftc-doj-rollups-2024","kind":"source","label":"Request for Information on Serial Acquisitions and Roll-Up Strategies","shortLabel":"Federal Trade Commiss...","description":"FTC and DOJ request for information on serial acquisitions and roll-up strategies including housing markets.","href":"/sources/ftc-doj-rollups-2024","metricLabel":"Access date","metricValue":"2026-06-21","detail":"Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice","status":"agency report","year":2026,"color":"#64748b","searchText":"ftc-doj-rollups-2024 request for information on serial acquisitions and roll-up strategies federal trade commission and department of justice ftc and doj request for information on serial acquisitions and roll-up strategies including housing markets. federal trade commission and department of justice, request for information on corporate consolidation through serial acquisitions and roll-up strategies, may 2024. agency_report","connectionCount":1,"x":334.289,"y":167.724,"distance":1,"radius":11,"labelVisible":true},{"id":"issue:communications-infrastructure","kind":"issue","label":"Communications infrastructure","shortLabel":"Communications","description":"Where do local communications concentration, network access, switching, and investment constrain rivalry across separately measured wireless and fixed systems?","href":"/issues/communications-infrastructure","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"2","detail":"2 separately defined markets / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2024,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"communications infrastructure communications wireless, fixed access, geography, and entry the program connects two separately bounded fcc concentration systems: mobile wireless hhi weighted across economic areas and fixed-broadband hhi reported nationally and as state, county, and census-tract medians. where do local communications concentration, network access, switching, and investment constrain rivalry across separately measured wireless and fixed systems? how does concentration vary across economic areas, states, counties, census tracts, service tiers, and consumer segments behind the published summaries? which provider-level shares, spectrum, wholesale access, switching, deployment, price, quality, and network-investment records explain entry conditions over time? what evidence distinguishes merger remedies, deployment programs, and regulatory changes from durable competitive outcomes? u.s. mobile wireless service wireless service telecommunications u.s. residential fixed broadband access fixed broadband telecommunications","connectionCount":4,"x":471.391,"y":22.963,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"issue:food-buyer-power","kind":"issue","label":"Food systems and buyer power","shortLabel":"Food buyer power","description":"How does buyer concentration in regional cattle procurement affect producer options, contract terms, and supply-chain resilience?","href":"/issues/food-systems-and-buyer-power","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"1","detail":"1 separately defined market / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2019,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"food systems and buyer power food buyer power procurement options, regional boundaries, and resilience the program follows the usda national beef-packer cr4 series into a buyer-power research frame while preserving the need for regional procurement markets and firm-level evidence. how does buyer concentration in regional cattle procurement affect producer options, contract terms, and supply-chain resilience? which plant-level purchases, procurement distances, capacity, contracts, and prices define regional buyer alternatives? how do entry, exit, outages, captive supply, and transportation costs change producer bargaining options? which firm-level records can disaggregate the national cr4 without inferring equal shares among the four largest buyers? u.s. steer and heifer purchases by beef packers beef meatpacking food and agriculture","connectionCount":4,"x":547.198,"y":42.752,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"issue:health-care-intermediaries","kind":"issue","label":"Health care intermediaries","shortLabel":"Health intermediaries","description":"How do insurer structure, PBM contracting, rebate, formulary, network, and organizational relationships affect competition and patient access across separately measured health-care systems?","href":"/issues/health-care-intermediaries","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"2","detail":"2 separately defined markets / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2024,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"health care intermediaries health intermediaries insurance, pbm contracting, access, and public-data gaps the program connects the 2024 kff state individual-insurance concentration cross-section to separately bounded public pbm facts, named official records, source limits, and evidence requests without treating payer and prescription-intermediary systems as one market. how do insurer structure, pbm contracting, rebate, formulary, network, and organizational relationships affect competition and patient access across separately measured health-care systems? which comparable state insurer enrollment, claims, prescription, rebate, and network records can establish firm-level structure under stable ownership identifiers? how do plan entry, insurer structure, contracting, formulary, and network practices differ across payer, pharmacy, patient, and geographic segments? which ownership and control relationships are supported by exact filings rather than name similarity or market context? u.s. pharmacy benefit management pbms health care u.s. aca individual health insurance individual insurance health insurance","connectionCount":4,"x":612.472,"y":86.083,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"issue:housing-access","kind":"issue","label":"Housing access and local power","shortLabel":"Housing access","description":"Which local ownership, pricing, supply, and platform records can identify where renters face weakened competitive choice?","href":"/issues/housing-access-and-local-power","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"1","detail":"1 separately defined market / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2026,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"housing access and local power housing access ownership, pricing systems, supply, and place the program joins national housing-access evidence to selected ownership and official-record context while keeping the underlying competition problem local. which local ownership, pricing, supply, and platform records can identify where renters face weakened competitive choice? where can parcel, owner, property-manager, rent, vacancy, and transaction data be joined at a stable local geography? how should pricing-software use, information exchange, ownership concentration, and supply constraints be measured separately? which local comparisons can test entry, rent, quality, and displacement outcomes without treating co-movement as causation? u.s. rental housing access rental housing real estate","connectionCount":4,"x":660.139,"y":148.261,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"issue:transportation-networks","kind":"issue","label":"Transportation networks","shortLabel":"Transportation","description":"How do route-level entry, capacity, airport constraints, and consolidation shape passenger choice beyond national shares?","href":"/issues/transportation-networks","metricLabel":"Bounded markets","metricValue":"1","detail":"1 separately defined market / editorial research program","status":"issue program","year":2026,"color":"#c026d3","searchText":"transportation networks transportation routes, airport access, capacity, and consolidation the program places national airline passenger-share reporting beside route-level research needs and official merger and competition records. how do route-level entry, capacity, airport constraints, and consolidation shape passenger choice beyond national shares? which route-pair, airport, schedule, fare, capacity, and entry records define competitive alternatives for travelers? how do slot, gate, loyalty, and network constraints differ across airports and traveler segments? which before-and-after records can evaluate transactions or remedies without attributing every observed change to one event? u.s. domestic airline passengers domestic airlines transportation","connectionCount":4,"x":685.035,"y":222.547,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"question:national-bank-deposit-hhi","kind":"question","label":"How can the nearly stable national aggregate be reconciled with state-level movement, organization turnover, branch change, and nominal deposit growth?","shortLabel":"United States branch-depo...","description":"The national branch-deposit HHI moved from 410 in 2015 to 401 in 2025 (-9.0 HHI points). The later branch-deposit screen is lower than the 2015 anchor. This descriptive movement does not define a legal banking market, identify a cause, or measure every banking product.","href":"/research/agenda/national-bank-deposit-hhi","metricLabel":"National bank-deposit HHI","metricValue":"401","detail":"Q12 / Geography / 2025","status":"decreased / estimated public","year":2025,"color":"#65a30d","searchText":"national-bank-deposit-hhi how can the nearly stable national aggregate be reconciled with state-level movement, organization turnover, branch change, and nominal deposit growth? united states branch-deposit screen national-bank-deposit-hhi national bank-deposit hhi geographic structure reconcile national and nested geographic concentration summaries with area-level distributions, provider or ownership paths, measurement boundaries, and local-market evidence. the national branch-deposit hhi moved from 410 in 2015 to 401 in 2025 (-9.0 hhi points). the later branch-deposit screen is lower than the 2015 anchor. this descriptive movement does not define a legal banking market, identify a cause, or measure every banking product. annual state and national branch-deposit rows using the same ownership-grouping and june 30 vintage rules. state-level organization, branch, leading-share, and nominal-deposit paths beneath the aggregate movement. ownership-reporting, branch-booking, entry, exit, acquisition, divestiture, and charter records for large state changes. local product and geographic evidence before treating any statewide or county screen as an antitrust market.","connectionCount":2,"x":684.461,"y":300.892,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"question:fixed-broadband-hhi:nation","kind":"question","label":"What provider-share, technology, speed-tier, entry, and geographic composition changes explain the rise in national HHI while median subnational HHIs declined?","shortLabel":"U.S. fixed broadband conn...","description":"United States moved from HHI 1,195 in Dec 2023 to 1,501 in Dec 2024 (+306 HHI points). The December 2024 national hhi is higher than its December 2023 anchor. 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The December 2024 county median is lower than its December 2023 anchor. 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2015 anchor. this descriptive movement does not define a legal banking market, identify a cause, or measure every banking product. annual state and national branch-deposit rows using the same ownership-grouping and june 30 vintage rules. state-level organization, branch, leading-share, and nominal-deposit paths beneath the aggregate movement. ownership-reporting, branch-booking, entry, exit, acquisition, divestiture, and charter records for large state changes. local product and geographic evidence before treating any statewide or county screen as an antitrust market.","connectionCount":2,"x":389.886,"y":490.283,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"report:rep-us-competition-landscape-2026","kind":"report","label":"The U.S. Competition Landscape","shortLabel":"The U.S. Competition La...","description":"A national briefing that aligns defined-market signals, industry structure, state and local geographic concentration screens, merger activity, and enforcement records 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subnational median hhi, and the public evidence needed to move from geographic screens to mechanisms and outcomes. a four-scale fcc concentration history showing why a rising national hhi and falling subnational medians must be read together without converting them into one market. federal communications commission internet access services figure 5, covering nine semiannual reporting periods from december 2020 through december 2024 for residential fixed connections meeting the 100/20 mbps threshold. the packet preserves the national hhi and medians of separately calculated state, county, and census-tract hhis as distinct geographic summaries.","connectionCount":4,"x":212.006,"y":258.256,"distance":2,"radius":8,"labelVisible":false},{"id":"report:rep-state-individual-insurance","kind":"report","label":"State Individual Insurance Concentration, 2024","shortLabel":"State Individual Insura...","description":"A source-backed research brief mapping the 2024 KFF state concentration 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